Прочитайте текст и выполните задания1218. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру1,2,3или4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. 15. The author compares the enthusiasm for trains to philately and butterfly hunting because 1) it turned into a pastime. 2) they all require patience. 3) they all became unpopular. 4) they all are fashionable. How Harry Potter saved one small town Mallaig is far from the prettiest ofHighlandsettlements, even when the weather is fine. Several rows ofwhat could be prewar council houses stretch across the hill beyond the harbour. Amishmashof car parks, jetties and workaday buildings squats close to the railway terminus. When I last stayed in Mallaig, it was known as the biggest herring port inEurope. Today, the herring have vanished, and yet Mallaig remains a busy place. Ferries come and go and fishing boats land shellfish, which is driven away in lorries to the markets ofFranceandSpain. None of this activity, however, explains the hundreds of people who can be seen roaming Mallaigs few streets every afternoon between the beginning of May and the end of October, or the presence of so many restaurants. What do explain them are two enthusiasms, one for low fact and the other for high fiction, which are kindled in childhood and among many adults never entirely disappear. The railway reached Mallaig fromFortWilliamand the south in 1901. It was among the last big lines to be built inBritain, late enough to have its viaducts built of concrete.It traversed one ofEuropes most spectacular and emptiest landscapes, with hardly anything large enough to becalled a village along its 40-mile length. The construction needed a large government subsidy,butthe traffic never grew muchbeyond the two or three trains aday that carried fish boxes and a fewdozen travellers to and from theHebrides. It made little economic sense. Only 60 years after theline opened, it began to be threatened with closure. Few people would have guessed then that its commercial salvation would be owed to anovel and a film, and first of all, to ahobby. Railways became an amateur pastime as well as a means of transport during the last decades of the 19th century. Then professional men such as vicars and lawyers began to see the large variety of trains and their technical progress as a hobby offering a similar kind of pleasure to philately and butterfly-hunting. By the end of the century they had their own magazine and their own club, the Railway Club, the worlds first society for railway enthusiasts. It was founded inLondonin 1899 and hadits own premises with a library and leather armchairs. It was from these elite beginnings that the 20th centurys great cult of trainspotting spread, reinforcing a more general fondness for steam locomotives that many people had without knowing quite why. So a sense of loss ran throughBritainwhen, in the 1960s, it became clear that their day was nearly done. Hundreds ofthemwere saved from the scrapyards and restored to working order; dozens of branch lines repaired and reopened so that in the holidaysBritaincould be charmed by how it once was. Its hard to think that anywhere in the world has seen a more popular or successful preservation movement, or at least one run and largely funded byvolunteers. Out of this business grew the West Coast Railway Company, which hires out engines, coaches and crew for steam excursions. A film producer looking to shoot a fantastical train in a dramatic location would naturally turn to such a company, and so in threeHarry Potter films the train to Hogwarts is seen crossing Glenfinnans viaduct. Today,the Jacobite Express fills with Potter fans from all parts of the globe and always stops for a photo opportunity at Glenfinnan, which is where the real Bonnie Prince Charlie really raised his standard in '45 and marked as such by a real memorial. All of which reality is cast into shadow by the film of a modern fairytale.