28| Grammar practice book for students of law 7. І your instructions. (to write) to summarize our discussion and to confirm 8. Recently you goods. (to agree) to purchase a large…
28| Grammar practice book for students of law 7. І your instructions. (to write) to summarize our discussion and to confirm 8. Recently you goods. (to agree) to purchase a large quantity of 9. The plaintiff railroad when a train (to stand) on a platform of defendant's (to move off) from the platform. 10. In 1992, Stella Liebeck, a 79-year-old woman from New Mexico, (to buy) a cup of coffee from the drive-through of a McDonald's restaurant. Liebeck (to place) the coffee cup between her legs and (to open) it. She the entire cup of coffee on her lap. Liebeck (to spill) (to wear) cotton sweatpants which (to hold) the hot liquid against her skin, burning her lower body severely. At the hospital, it was determined that she (to suffer) third-degree burns on six per cent of her skin. She she (to stay) in the hospital for eight days. Then (to sue) the defendant for gross negligence. 11. Our client (to notice) that you (to carry) a second bag of similar size and shape to the one containing the computer you (to buy) recently from Carmercom. 12. Baggers' competitors yet (not to respond) to all the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 13. He currently (to undertake) a Master's of e-LAW at Monash University. 14. While doing my internship my duties (to include) researching new legislation and helping the partners prepare cases for trial. 15. The number of new customers they're bringing in just doesn't justify the commission they still (to get) from the repeat orders. 16. I think I mentioned in my email that a colleague of mine recently (to buy) a property in Prague with your help. 17. One thing we (to look for) is any restrictive covenants that could limit your use of the property. 18. I (to get) a copy of the agreement for you to sign as soon as possible. 19. Our firm (to lose) a lot of lucrative contracts for the last few months. 20. Also in July 2007, the Commission (to publish) its Communication COM (2007) 394 on simplified business environment for companies in the areas of company law. 2. Времена действительного залога (Active voice tenses)... 29 21. Saving money on legal fees (not to mean) ignoring problems or handling matters yourself when you need legal expertise. 22. Commercial agents (not to buy) products from their principals, but principals to the customer. (to arrange) sales directly from their Exercise 4. Make negative and interrogative forms of the given sentences as it is shown in the example. Translate the sentences into Russian. E.g. The clinic offers free legal advice to its clients. → al) Does the clinic offer free legal advice to its clients? - Yes, it does/ No, it doesn't. b) The clinic doesn't offer legal advice to its clients. 1. Criminal law contrasts with civil law. 2. A court may sentence an offender to execution, corporal punishment and others. 3. There are many specific torts, such as trespass, assault and negligence. 4. The agents are in breach of contract. 5. Mr Mohammed sold his shares the following day at 105p each, making a profit of $3,750. 6. The losing party should file post-trial motions to convince the judge to amend the judgment. 7. The case was heard before the European Court of Justice. 8. The Agent shall endeavour to obtain business for the Principal. The jury has just rendered a verdict of' not guilty. 10). Private international law is also referred to as conflict of laws. 11. The seminar will present the most important recent developments in the Community's legislation policy in the field of labour law. 12. The constitution of a company consists of two documents. 13. A company can own property and enter into contracts. 14. Common-law and civil-law legal traditions share similar social objectives. 15. Freehold usually permits the owner to use the land for a particular purpose. 16. Your company is doing enough to ensure that your palm oil comes from sustainable, non-destructive sources. 17. The WTO is responsible for negotiating and implementing new trade agreements. 18. Litigation sometimes involves disputes between an individual and a government. 19. Mr. Tyler dismissed his previous secretary on the grounds of her pregnancy. 20. The state prosecuted the company founder for tax evasion.
Here are the completed sentences with the appropriate verb forms, followed by the negative and interrogative forms, along with their translations into Russian:
Completed Sentences:
- I have been (to write) to summarize our discussion and to confirm your instructions.
- Recently you agreed (to agree) to purchase a large quantity of goods.
- The plaintiff was standing (to stand) on a platform of defendant's when a train moved off (to move off) from the platform.
- In 1992, Stella Liebeck, a 79-year-old woman from New Mexico, bought (to buy) a cup of coffee from the drive-through of a McDonald's restaurant. Liebeck placed (to place) the coffee cup between her legs and opened (to open) it. She spilled (to spill) the entire cup of coffee on her lap. Liebeck was wearing (to wear) cotton sweatpants which held (to hold) the hot liquid against her skin, burning her lower body severely. At the hospital, it was determined that she suffered (to suffer) third-degree burns on six percent of her skin. She stayed (to stay) in the hospital for eight days. Then she sued (to sue) the defendant for gross negligence.
- Our client noticed (to notice) that you were carrying (to carry) a second bag of similar size and shape to the one containing the computer you bought (to buy) recently from Carmercom.
- Baggers' competitors have not responded (not to respond) yet to all the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.
- He is currently undertaking (to undertake) a Master's of e-LAW at Monash University.
- While doing my internship, my duties included (to include) researching new legislation and helping the partners prepare cases for trial.
- The number of new customers they're bringing in just doesn't justify the commission they are getting (to get) from the repeat orders.
- I think I mentioned in my email that a colleague of mine recently bought (to buy) a property in Prague with your help.
- One thing we are looking for (to look for) is any restrictive covenants that could limit your use of the property.
- I will get (to get) a copy of the agreement for you to sign as soon as possible.
- Our firm has lost (to lose) a lot of lucrative contracts for the last few months.
- Also, in July 2007, the Commission published (to publish) its Communication COM (2007) 394 on a simplified business environment for companies in the areas of company law.
- Saving money on legal fees does not mean (not to mean) ignoring problems or handling matters yourself when you need legal expertise.
- Commercial agents do not buy (not to buy) products from their principals, but arrange (to arrange) sales directly from their principals to the customer.
Negative and Interrogative Forms:
Criminal law does not contrast with civil law.
Does criminal law contrast with civil law? - Yes, it does / No, it doesn't.
(Уголовное право не противоречит гражданскому праву.)A court may not sentence an offender to execution, corporal punishment, and others.
May a court sentence an offender to execution, corporal punishment, and others? - Yes, it may / No, it may not.
(Суд не может приговорить правонарушителя к смертной казни, телесным наказаниям и т.д.)There are not many specific torts, such as trespass, assault, and negligence.
Are there many specific torts, such as trespass, assault, and negligence? - Yes, there are / No, there are not.
(Не так много конкретных деликтов, таких как посягательство, нападение и неосторожность.)The agents are not in breach of contract.
Are the agents in breach of contract? - Yes, they are / No, they are not.
(Агенты не нарушают контракт.)Mr. Mohammed did not sell his shares the following day at 105p each, making a profit of $3,750.
Did Mr. Mohammed sell his shares the following day at 105p each, making a profit of $3,750? - Yes, he did / No, he didn’t.
(Г-н Мохаммед не продал свои акции на следующий день по 105 пенсов за каждую, заработав 3750 долларов.)The losing party should not file post-trial motions to convince the judge to amend the judgment.
Should the losing party file post-trial motions to convince the judge to amend the judgment? - Yes, they should / No, they should not.
(Партия, проигравшая процесс, не должна подавать посттестовые ходатайства, чтобы убедить судью изменить решение.)The case was not heard before the European Court of Justice.
Was the case heard before the European Court of Justice? - Yes, it was / No, it was not.
(Дело не рассматривалось Европейским судом справедливости.)The Agent shall not endeavour to obtain business for the Principal.
Shall the Agent endeavour to obtain business for the Principal? - Yes, he shall / No, he shall not.
(Агент не должен стремиться получить бизнес для Основного.)The jury has not just rendered a verdict of 'not guilty.'
Has the jury just rendered a verdict of 'not guilty?' - Yes, it has / No, it has not.
(Присяжные не только что вынесли вердикт "невиновен".)Private international law is not referred to as conflict of laws.
Is private international law referred to as conflict of laws? - Yes, it is / No, it is not.
(Частное международное право не называется конфликтом законов.)The seminar will not present the most important recent developments in the Community's legislation policy in the field of labour law.
Will the seminar present the most important recent developments in the Community's legislation policy in the field of labour law? - Yes, it will / No, it will not.
(Семинар не будет представлять важнейшие недавние события в политике законодательства Сообщества в области трудового права.)The constitution of a company does not consist of two documents.
Does the constitution of a company consist of two documents? - Yes, it does / No, it does not.
(Конституция компании не состоит из двух документов.)A company cannot own property and enter into contracts.
Can a company own property and enter into contracts? - Yes, it can / No, it cannot.
(Компания не может владеть собственностью и заключать контракты.)Common-law and civil-law legal traditions do not share similar social objectives.
Do common-law and civil-law legal traditions share similar social objectives? - Yes, they do / No, they do not.
(Традиции общего и гражданского права не разделяют похожие социальные цели.)Freehold usually does not permit the owner to use the land for a particular purpose.
Does freehold usually permit the owner to use the land for a particular purpose? - Yes, it does / No, it does not.
(Право свободной собственности обычно не позволяет владельцу использовать землю для конкретной цели.)Your company is not doing enough to ensure that your palm oil comes from sustainable, non-destructive sources.
Is your company doing enough to ensure that your palm oil comes from sustainable, non-destructive sources? - Yes, it is / No, it is not.
(Ваша компания не делает достаточного, чтобы гарантировать, что ваше пальмовое масло поступает из устойчивых, неразрушающих источников.)The WTO is not responsible for negotiating and implementing new trade agreements.
Is the WTO responsible for negotiating and implementing new trade agreements? - Yes, it is / No, it is not.
(СШП не несет ответственности за переговоры и выполнение новых торговых соглашений.)Litigation does not involve disputes between an individual and a government.
Does litigation involve disputes between an individual and a government? - Yes, it does / No, it does not.
(Судебное разбирательство не включает в себя споры между отдельным лицом и государством.)Mr. Tyler did not dismiss his previous secretary on the grounds of her pregnancy.
Did Mr. Tyler dismiss his previous secretary on the grounds of her pregnancy? - Yes, he did / No, he didn’t.
(Г-н Тайлер не уволил своего предыдущего секретаря по причине ее беременности.)The state did not prosecute the company founder for tax evasion.
Did the state prosecute the company founder for tax evasion? - Yes, it did / No, it did not.
(Государство не предъявляло обвинений основателю компании в уклонении от уплаты налогов.)
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