Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Electromagnetism 1. Electricity and magnetism combine to form one of the fundamental forces of the universe - electromagnetism. The two constantly interact, and the relationship between them is one of the most important in physics. For example, an electric current passing through a wire creates a magnetic field; and if the lines of force around a magnet are cut by a passing object, an electric current will be produced. 2. Magnets are attracted to iron and to any material that contains iron. Magnets have two poles, a north pole and a south pole. Unmagnetized iron and steel have magnetic regions of atoms called domains that are jumbled up and point in lots of different directions. When iron or steel becomes magnetized, the domains become aligned and they all point in the same direction. One end of each domain points toward the magnetic north pole. 3. Electronics is a new branch of physics, and one that plays an increasingly important part in our lives. It is concerned with the use of electricity to produce signals that carry information and control devices such as computers. These devices contain electric circuits through which electric current flows. The controlling parts in a circuit are called components, and these include diodes and transistors. Components can amplify currents, switch them on and off, or change their direction. 27. Чтение / Ознакомительное чтение с целью определения истинности утверждения Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста: a) The controlling parts in a circuit can strengthen currents, turn them on and out, or change their direction. b) It has been found out that in magnetized iron domains are aligned and all point to the South. c) Electronics deals with the ways of modifying kinds of electricity in various electronic devices. d) Scientists proved that domains can move easily only when iron and steel become magnetized. 28. Чтение / Изучающее чтение с элементами анализа информации. Ответьте на вопрос: Why is the study of electricity of paramount importance in electronics? a) Electricity is used to produce signals that carry information and control electronic devices. b) The controlling parts in an electric circuit consist of diodes and transistors. c) Components in electronic devices can influence electric currents. d) Electronic devices contain electric circuits through which electric current flows. 29. Чтение / Изучающее чтение с элементами аннотирования Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста. Укажите два варианта ответа. The relationship of electricity and magnetism … a) Electronics deals with the generation of electricity in various electronic devices. b) Domains can move easily only when iron and steel become magnetized. c) Components in a circuit can affect electric currents in different ways. d) Components strengthen currents, turn them on and off, or change their direction. 30. Чтение / Изучающее чтение с выделением главных компонентов содержання текста. Определите основную идею текста. Укажите один вариант ответа a) Electromagnetism is one of the essential forces of the universe finding nowadays. b) Electricity and magnetism are combined to form one of the fundamental forces of the universe - an increasingly wide application electromagnetism. c) It is widely known that the relationship between electricity and magnetism is one of the most important in physics. d) It is questionable how people would exist without the knowledge of electricity and magnetism nowadays.