Тypes of medicines When it comes to healthcare, the world of medicine offers a vast array of options to address various ailments and conditions. From relieving pain to combating infections, medications play a crucial role in improving our well-being. In this article, we will delve into different types of medicine, exploring their therapeutic effects and modes of action. Medicines can be classified into various categories based on their therapeutic effects and mode of action. Common types of medicine include analgesics, antacids, antianxiety drugs, antibiotics, antidepressants, antihistamines, antihypertensives, and antipyretics. Each type of medicine serves a specific purpose, whether it’s pain relief, reducing fever, suppressing anxiety, fighting infections, or counteracting allergic reactions. Consulting healthcare professionals and following proper guidelines are essential for the safe and effective use of medications. With the right medication options, we can address various medical conditions and improve our overall health and well-being. Analgesics: Relieving Pain Antacids: Relieving Indigestion and Heartburn Antianxiety Drugs: Suppressing Anxiety and Relaxing Muscles Antibiotics: Fighting Bacterial Infections Antidepressants: Elevating Mood and Treating Depression Antihistamines: Counteracting Allergic Reactions Antihypertensives: Lowering Blood Pressure Antipyretics: Reducing Fever Analgesics are essential medications that provide relief from pain. They can be classified into two main types: non-narcotic analgesics and narcotic analgesics. Non-narcotic analgesics are commonly used for mild to moderate pain relief, while narcotic analgesics are prescribed for severe pain management. Narcotic analgesics, also known as opioids, are prescription medications used for severe pain relief. They act on the central nervous system to block pain signals and induce a sedating effect. 2. Прочитайте тексты и выполните упражнения. ТЕКСТ 2. ABOUT ANTIBIOTICS The term "antibiotic" means (anti - against, bios -life) "against life". It shows that antibiotics kill some of the simple organisms. This effect of antibiotics was discovered by Fleming in 1929. Penicillin1 was the first of the antibiotics. It is effective against many infections. Penicillin is given orally2, intro- muscularly3 and topically4. Streptomycin5 is effective in many cases when penicillin can't help. It is soluble6 in water. It is given intramuscularly and orally. Erythromycin is used by patients who are hypertensive to penicillin. Erythromycin is used in water solutions7 for ear and nose infections. It is also made in tablets. Neomycin is effective against a wide variet8 of microbes9. It gives little or no allergic10 reactions. It is given orally and topically. In some cases neomycin is used as a wet dressing instead of1 ointment. УПРАЖНЕНИЯ А) Ответьте на вопросы: 1. What does the term "antibiotic" mean? 2. Who discovered the first antibiotics? 3. How is penicillin given to the patients? 4. Is streptomycin soluble in water? 5. Does neomycin give allergic reactions? Б) Найдите в тексте и запомните английские эквиваленты русских слов «внутрь», «внутримышечно», «местно». В) Назовите по-английски антибиотики, которые вы знаете. ТЕКСТ 3 AT THE CHEMIST’S1 When you are ill you consult a doctor. He prescribes you the treatment and writes out a prescription. At the chemist's you can get patent medicines of all kinds: ampules3 of glucose4 and camphor5 for injections, different pills6 tablets and powders, cough mixtures7, heart drops, nasal drops8, vitamins, cod liver oil, ointments10, sleeping draughts11, laxatives12, sedatives13, bandages, adhesive plasters14, mustard plasters, bottles of iodine. You can also buy hot-water bottles15, medicine droppers16, ice-bags, sponges, tooth-brushes and tooth-pastes, soap and many other useful things. I. Вставьте вместо точек слова, подходящие по смыслу: mustard plaster; vitamins; cod liver oil; heart drops 1. He often uses​.. 2. She gave her daughter … 3. I take these ...two times a day. 4 She puts ... every evening. II. Выберите из текста названия тех медикаментов, которые, используют при простудных заболеваниях и легких ранениях. Назовите также предметы туалета. III. Переведите на английский язые: принимайте эти порошки после еды; поставьте горчичники на спину; вы должны иметь дома бинт, йод, лейкопластырь, сердечные капли; дайте мне грелку IV. В правой колонке найдите перевод каждого английского слова 1 Pill растворимый 2. drugs пилюли 3. mustard plaster пузырь со льдом 4. Powder лейкопластырь 5. hot-water bottle прием внутрь 6. ice-bag мыло 7. soap компресс 8. orally горчичники 9. ointment губка 10. soluble порошок 11. tablets таблетки 12/ Micsture лекарство 13/ sponge мазь микстура грелка