To find the gravitational force \( F \) between two masses \( m_1 \) and \( m_2 \) separated by a distance \( r \), you can use Newton's law of universal gravitation, which is given by the formula:
\[ F = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2} \]
where \( G \) is the gravitational constant, approximately equal to \( 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N m}^2/\text{kg}^2 \).
Given the values:
- \( m_1 = 7.35 \times 10^{22} \, \text{kg} \)
- \( m_2 = 6.0 \times 10^{24} \, \text{kg} \)
- \( r = 4 \times 10^{8} \, \text{m} \)
Now, plug the values into the formula:
- Calculate \( m_1 m_2 \):
\[ m_1 m_2 = (7.35 \times 10^{22}) \times (6.0 \times 10^{24}) = 44.1 \times 10^{46} = 4.41 \times 10^{47} \, \text{kg}^2 \]
- Calculate \( r^2 \):
\[ r^2 = (4 \times 10^{8})^2 = 16 \times 10^{16} = 1.6 \times 10^{17} \, \text{m}^2 \]
- Plug \( m_1 m_2 \) and \( r^2 \) into the gravitational force formula:
\[ F = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2} = 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \frac{4.41 \times 10^{47}}{1.6 \times 10^{17}} \]
- Calculate:
\[ F = 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \times \frac{4.41}{1.6} \times 10^{30} \]
\[ \frac{4.41}{1.6} = 2.75625 \]
- Now multiply:
\[ F \approx 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \times 2.75625 \times 10^{30} \]
Calculating that gives:
\[ F \approx 1.838 \times 10^{20} \, \text{N} \]
So, the gravitational force \( F \) is approximately \( 1.84 \times 10^{20} \, \text{N} \).
