Marie Curie, originally Maria Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867 as the youngest of five children. After her mother passed away in 1877, she worked as a tutor to support her family while her sister Bronya studied medicine in Paris. Once Bronya married, she invited Marie to Paris, where she adopted her new name and excelled academically at the Sorbonne, earning master's degrees in Physics and Mathematics. Marie met and married Pierre Curie, with whom she conducted groundbreaking research on radioactivity, isolating radium, which earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. Following Pierre's death in 1906, Marie continued his work and became the first woman to secure a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry in 1911. During World War I, she invented a mobile X-ray machine to aid medical efforts at the front lines. Marie Curie passed away in July 1934 from radiation poisoning, leaving a lasting legacy as a pioneer in science and the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.
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