I. The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and a federal district (Washington, DC). Unlike the UK, the US has a written constitution. The…

I. The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and a federal district (Washington, DC). Unlike the UK, the US has a written constitution. The Constitution establishes a national government, defines the relationship between the national government and state governments, and separates powers among three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each branch is controlled by the other two through a system of checks and balances. II. According to Article I of the US Constitution, the legislative branch of government is vested in the US Congress that is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives. Members of both chambers are directly elected by the people of each state. The House of Representatives consists of 435 members elected every two years. The Senate has 100 members elected for a six-year term. Congress has a great variety of powers, for example, control over federal tax- 20 ation, the right to coin money or declare war on other countries. Its main duty is to debate and pass bills before they are sent to the President for approval. The executive branch of government is made up of the President, the VicePresident, the Cabinet and a number of independent federal agencies. They are responsible for enforcing the laws of the land. The Cabinet includes the Vice-President and the heads of the 15 executive departments. They are appointed by the President and must be approved by the Senate. 20 The head of the executive branch is the US President. His duties are to ensure that "the laws are faithfully executed" and to set the foreign policy. The President has the power to reject any bill of Congress and to appoint the Supreme Court Justices. The president acts as head of state and Commander- in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States. In accordance with the US Constitution, a President must be elected for a four-year term and can serve only two terms. The President is elected by the Electoral College which is made up of 538 electors. The candidates for the Presidency usually belong to the two main political parties: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The Republicans are more conservative and are supported by the upper classes. The Democrats are more liberal and are supported by the working class people. pan 2 задание 19. в соответствии с текстом решите соответствуют ли ниже приведенные утверждения действительности или они ложные. Исправьте ложные утверждения : 1. The basic principles of the US Constitution are federalism, "checks and balances", and separation of power. 2. The Constitution establishes the structure and the functions of Congress. 3. The main duty of the US Congress is control over the federal taxation. 4. The head of the executive branch is the Prime Minister. 5. The US President is directly elected for 4 years by the people of each state. 6. The heads of the executive departments are appointed by the Cabinet. 170