Conditionals 1 If the police had more evidence, they, (arrest) him. 2 I am sorry. If I had known it was your birthday, I (buy) you a present 3. I am not sure what I am doing…
Conditionals 1 If the police had more evidence, they, (arrest) him. 2 I am sorry. If I had known it was your birthday, I (buy) you a present 3. I am not sure what I am doing tonight, but if I go out, I (phone) you. 4 I would not have been late for school if the bus (be) on time. 5. He is dangerous. I (not/speak) to him if I were you. 6 "But I can not afford a holiday". Yes, I know. But where (you/go) if you could afford one? 7 8 (go out) if it had not been raining. I would lend you the money if you really have got lots (need) it. But you I 9. If I had know the film was on TV, I (no/go) to bed so early. 10. If you (use) this dictionary I will borrow someone else's. 11. I (can/ come back) later if you are busy. 12. I'd come out, if I (not/ feel) so tired. 13. I would have worked much harder if (want) (choose) 14 If you could live anywhere in the world, I Paris 15. If I exam. (work) harder, I would have passed the 16. If the police (question) you, Unless we (tell) them the truth. (leave) now, we will miss the start of the film. 17. 18 She would not have stolen the money if her children (not/be) hungry. 19. I (not/go) to the party unless you go too 20. If people did not use their cars so much, it traffic jams. (be) 21 If you had a lot of money, you (buy) a big house. 22. I carefully. (not/have) the accident if I had driven more If I had had enough money, I 24 (buy) some new jeans. If I had known it was going to be such a boring party, I (not/come) 23 25 You will never learn English, unless you (study) 26 If you do not study you (not/pass) 27. If you are feeling ill, (not/do) homework, 28 If I drink too much coffee I (not/can/sleep). 29. Milk keeps longer if you (put) it in the fridge 30. If I you, I would not go.
Для понимания условных предложений (conditionals) важно знать их различные типы и строения. Давайте подробно разберем каждый из предложений:
Условные предложения
Условные предложения в английском языке можно классифицировать на несколько типов:
Zero Conditional (нулевое)
- Используется для фактов или истин, которые всегда верны.
- Структура: If + Present Simple, Present Simple.
First Conditional (первый)
- Используется для реальных и возможных ситуаций в будущем.
- Структура: If + Present Simple, will + base form.
Second Conditional (второй)
- Используется для ситуаций, которые маловероятны или не возможны в настоящем или в будущем.
- Структура: If + Past Simple, would + base form.
Third Conditional (третий)
- Используется для гипотетических ситуаций в прошлом, которые не произошли.
- Структура: If + Past Perfect, would have + past participle.
Теперь обсудим каждое предложение:
If the police had more evidence, they would arrest him.
- Здесь говорим о 2-ом типе: "Если бы полиция имела больше улик...".
I am sorry. If I had known it was your birthday, I would have bought you a present.
- Это 3-й тип. Говорим о ситуации, которая не произошла в прошлом.
I am not sure what I am doing tonight, but if I go out, I will phone you.
- Это 1-й тип: "Если я пойду, я позвоню тебе".
I would not have been late for school if the bus had been on time.
- Здесь используется 3-й тип. Говорим о ситуации в прошлом.
He is dangerous. I would not speak to him if I were you.
- Это 2-й тип. Гипотетическая рекомендация на данный момент.
Yes, I know. But where would you go if you could afford one?
- 2-й тип. Гипотетическая ситуация для будущего.
I would have gone out if it had not been raining.
- 3-й тип. Говорится о том, что не произошло из-за дождя.
I would lend you the money if you really needed it.
- 2-й тип. Гипотетическая ситуация.
If I had known the film was on TV, I would not have gone to bed so early.
- 3-й тип. Прошлая гипотетическая ситуация.
If you use this dictionary, I will borrow someone else's.
- Это 1-й тип. Реальная ситуация в будущем.
I can come back later if you are busy.
- 1-й тип. Условие будущего времени.
I'd come out, if I did not feel so tired.
- Это 2-й тип. Гипотетическая ситуация на данный момент.
I would have worked much harder if I had wanted to choose.
- 3-й тип. Говорится о прошедшем желании.
If you could live anywhere in the world, I would choose Paris.
- Это 2-й тип для будущего выбора.
If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam.
- Это 3-й тип. Говорим о прошедшей ситуации.
If the police questioned you, we should tell them the truth.
- Это 2-й тип. Говорим о гипотетической ситуации.
Unless we leave now, we will miss the start of the film.
- Если не (unless), это также условие.
She would not have stolen the money if her children had not been hungry.
- Это 3-й тип.
I will not go to the party unless you go too.
- Условие с "unless".
If people did not use their cars so much, there would be less traffic jams.
- Это 2-й тип.
If you had a lot of money, you would buy a big house.
- 2-й тип.
I would not have had the accident if I had driven more carefully.
- 3-й тип.
If I had had enough money, I would have bought some new jeans.
- 3-й тип.
If I had known it was going to be such a boring party, I would not have come.
- 3-й тип.
You will never learn English unless you study.
- Условие с "unless".
If you do not study, you will not pass.
- 1-й тип.
If you are feeling ill, do not do homework.
- Условие, рекомендующее действие.
If I drink too much coffee, I cannot sleep.
- 1-й тип.
Milk keeps longer if you put it in the fridge.
- Это 0-й тип. Условие для фактов.
If I were you, I would not go.
- Это 2-й тип.
Резюме
Зная разные типы условных предложений, вы можете легко создавать и понимать их. Каждый тип используется для разных ситуаций: от реальных до гипотетических.
