Упражнение 263 Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу- ющемся времени. 1. At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very…

Давайте разберем вашу задачу с упражнениями на глаголы. Цель — понять, как правильно употреблять глаголы в разных временах в английском языке. Мы раскроем скобки, употребляя глаголы в нужных формах и объясняя каждое время.

1. At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once.

   • At last the librarian gave (Past Simple) me the book which I had been waiting (Past Perfect Continuous) for during two months. I was very glad. I went (Past Simple) home and began (Past Simple) reading it at once.
   • Объяснение: Используем Past Simple для обозначения законченного действия в прошлом (выдача книги и уход домой), а Past Perfect Continuous подчеркивает, что ожидание началось раньше, чем действие (получение книги).

2. Don't speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to do) some very urgent work.

   • Don't speak to him: he is (Present Simple) very busy, he is doing (Present Continuous) some very urgent work.
   • Объяснение: Здесь Present Simple показывает состояние (занят), а Present Continuous — действие, которое он сейчас выполняет.

3. I did not want him to go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen).

   • I did not want him to go there: I was (Past Simple) afraid that something would happen (Future in the Past).
   • Объяснение: Past Simple указывает на прошедшее состояние, а Future in the Past выражает опасение о будущем в прошедшем времени.

4. I did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come).

   • I did not notice that my watch had stopped (Past Perfect), and when I arrived (Past Simple) at the station, my train had left (Past Perfect) and I had (Past Simple) to ask when the next train would come (Future in the Past).
   • Объяснение: Past Perfect показывает действие, которое произошло перед другим в прошлом (остановка часов и уход поезда), а Future in the Past говорит о будущем действии, о котором говорилось в прошлом.

5. He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he (to see) her at the end of the platform.

   • He had been waiting (Past Perfect Continuous) for fifteen minutes when at last he saw (Past Simple) her at the end of the platform.
   • Объяснение: Past Perfect Continuous показывает длительность ожидания перед моментом встречи.

6. By the end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages.

   • By the end of the year he will have read (Future Perfect) about two hundred pages.
   • Объяснение: Future Perfect показывает, что действие завершится к какому-то моменту в будущем.

7. We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the night (to be) very cold.

   • We were happy when the sun rose (Past Simple), for the night was (Past Simple) very cold.
   • Объяснение: Обе части предложения о событиях в прошедшем времени, используем Past Simple.

8. Where you (to put) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere.

   • Where did you put (Past Simple) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere.
   • Объяснение: Past Simple используется для вопроса о действии, которое произошло в прошлом.

9. I (not yet to fall) asleep when the telephone (to ring).

   • I had not yet fallen (Past Perfect) asleep when the telephone rang (Past Simple).
   • Объяснение: Past Perfect показывает, что действие не произошло до момента звонка.

10. What you (to do) from six till nine yesterday?

    • What did you do (Past Simple) from six till nine yesterday?
    • Объяснение: Вопрос в прошедшем времени, используем Past Simple.

11. The children (to play) here at eleven o'clock, but now they (to go) home.

    • The children were playing (Past Continuous) here at eleven o'clock, but now they are going (Present Continuous) home.
    • Объяснение: Past Continuous показывает действия, которые были в процессе в определенное время в прошлом. Present Continuous указывает на действие, которое происходит сейчас.

12. Go to see your old grandfather as soon as you (to arrive) in Novgorod.

    • Go to see your old grandfather as soon as you arrive (Present Simple) in Novgorod.
    • Объяснение: Present Simple используется для обозначения действия, которое произойдет в будущем по условию.

13. You always (to spend) summer at the seaside? - Yes, as a rule. Last summer I (to go) to the mountains, but I (not to find) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea.

    • You always spend (Present Simple) summer at the seaside? - Yes, as a rule. Last summer I went (Past Simple) to the mountains, but I did not find (Past Simple) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea.
    • Объяснение: Present Simple для регулярных действий, Past Simple для действий, которые произошли в прошлом.

14. When they returned, they (to tell) us many interesting things which they (to see) during their journey.

    • When they returned, they told (Past Simple) us many interesting things which they had seen (Past Perfect) during their journey.
    • Объяснение: Past Simple описывает завершенное действие (возвращение и рассказ), а Past Perfect подчеркивает, что увиденное произошло раньше.

15. When I (to leave) home, it (to rain).

    • When I left (Past Simple) home, it was raining (Past Continuous).
    • Объяснение: Past Continuous показывает действие в процессе (дождь) в момент другого действия (уход из дома).

Теперь вы видите, как правильно использовать различные времена, чтобы выразить смысловых нюансов. Если у вас есть вопросы по конкретным пунктам, не стесняйтесь спрашивать!