Упражнение 263
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу-
ющемся времени.
1. At last the librarian (to give) me the book
which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very
glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once.
2. Don't speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to
do) some very urgent work. 3. I did not want him to
go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen).
4. I did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when
I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and
I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come).
5. He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he
(to see) her at the end of the platform. 6. By the
end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages.
7. We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the
night (to be) very cold. 8. Where you (to put) my
dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere. 9. I (not yet
to fall) asleep when the telephone (to ring). 10. What
you (to do) from six till nine yesterday? 11. The chil-
dren (to play) here at eleven o'clock, but now they
(to go) home. 12. Go to see your old grandfather as
soon as you (to arrive) in Novgorod. 13. You always
(to spend) summer at the seaside? - Yes, as a rule.
Last summer I (to go) to the mountains, but I (not
to find) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea.
14. When they returned, they (to tell) us many in testing things which they (to see) during their
journey. 15. When I (to leave) home, it (to rain).
Давайте разберем вашу задачу с упражнениями на глаголы. Цель — понять, как правильно употреблять глаголы в разных временах в английском языке. Мы раскроем скобки, употребляя глаголы в нужных формах и объясняя каждое время.
1. **At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once.**
- At last the librarian **gave** (Past Simple) me the book which I **had been waiting** (Past Perfect Continuous) for during two months. I was very glad. I **went** (Past Simple) home and **began** (Past Simple) reading it at once.
- **Объяснение:** Используем Past Simple для обозначения законченного действия в прошлом (выдача книги и уход домой), а Past Perfect Continuous подчеркивает, что ожидание началось раньше, чем действие (получение книги).
2. **Don't speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to do) some very urgent work.**
- Don't speak to him: he **is** (Present Simple) very busy, he **is doing** (Present Continuous) some very urgent work.
- **Объяснение:** Здесь Present Simple показывает состояние (занят), а Present Continuous — действие, которое он сейчас выполняет.
3. **I did not want him to go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen).**
- I did not want him to go there: I **was** (Past Simple) afraid that something **would happen** (Future in the Past).
- **Объяснение:** Past Simple указывает на прошедшее состояние, а Future in the Past выражает опасение о будущем в прошедшем времени.
4. **I did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come).**
- I did not notice that my watch **had stopped** (Past Perfect), and when I **arrived** (Past Simple) at the station, my train **had left** (Past Perfect) and I **had** (Past Simple) to ask when the next train **would come** (Future in the Past).
- **Объяснение:** Past Perfect показывает действие, которое произошло перед другим в прошлом (остановка часов и уход поезда), а Future in the Past говорит о будущем действии, о котором говорилось в прошлом.
5. **He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he (to see) her at the end of the platform.**
- He **had been waiting** (Past Perfect Continuous) for fifteen minutes when at last he **saw** (Past Simple) her at the end of the platform.
- **Объяснение:** Past Perfect Continuous показывает длительность ожидания перед моментом встречи.
6. **By the end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages.**
- By the end of the year he **will have read** (Future Perfect) about two hundred pages.
- **Объяснение:** Future Perfect показывает, что действие завершится к какому-то моменту в будущем.
7. **We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the night (to be) very cold.**
- We were happy when the sun **rose** (Past Simple), for the night **was** (Past Simple) very cold.
- **Объяснение:** Обе части предложения о событиях в прошедшем времени, используем Past Simple.
8. **Where you (to put) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere.**
- Where **did you put** (Past Simple) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere.
- **Объяснение:** Past Simple используется для вопроса о действии, которое произошло в прошлом.
9. **I (not yet to fall) asleep when the telephone (to ring).**
- I **had not yet fallen** (Past Perfect) asleep when the telephone **rang** (Past Simple).
- **Объяснение:** Past Perfect показывает, что действие не произошло до момента звонка.
10. **What you (to do) from six till nine yesterday?**
- What **did you do** (Past Simple) from six till nine yesterday?
- **Объяснение:** Вопрос в прошедшем времени, используем Past Simple.
11. **The children (to play) here at eleven o'clock, but now they (to go) home.**
- The children **were playing** (Past Continuous) here at eleven o'clock, but now they **are going** (Present Continuous) home.
- **Объяснение:** Past Continuous показывает действия, которые были в процессе в определенное время в прошлом. Present Continuous указывает на действие, которое происходит сейчас.
12. **Go to see your old grandfather as soon as you (to arrive) in Novgorod.**
- Go to see your old grandfather as soon as you **arrive** (Present Simple) in Novgorod.
- **Объяснение:** Present Simple используется для обозначения действия, которое произойдет в будущем по условию.
13. **You always (to spend) summer at the seaside? - Yes, as a rule. Last summer I (to go) to the mountains, but I (not to find) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea.**
- You **always spend** (Present Simple) summer at the seaside? - Yes, as a rule. Last summer I **went** (Past Simple) to the mountains, but I **did not find** (Past Simple) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea.
- **Объяснение:** Present Simple для регулярных действий, Past Simple для действий, которые произошли в прошлом.
14. **When they returned, they (to tell) us many interesting things which they (to see) during their journey.**
- When they returned, they **told** (Past Simple) us many interesting things which they **had seen** (Past Perfect) during their journey.
- **Объяснение:** Past Simple описывает завершенное действие (возвращение и рассказ), а Past Perfect подчеркивает, что увиденное произошло раньше.
15. **When I (to leave) home, it (to rain).**
- When I **left** (Past Simple) home, it **was raining** (Past Continuous).
- **Объяснение:** Past Continuous показывает действие в процессе (дождь) в момент другого действия (уход из дома).
Теперь вы видите, как правильно использовать различные времена, чтобы выразить смысловых нюансов. Если у вас есть вопросы по конкретным пунктам, не стесняйтесь спрашивать!
