Упражнение 486 Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму сослагательного наклонения после I 1. I wish I (can) give up smoking. 2. She wishes she (to see) him at yesterday's party. 3. I wish I (to pass) my driving test last Monday. 4. I wish I (not to forget) my friend's birthday yesterday. 5. The boy is sad. He wishes he (not to break) the window. 6. My aunt wishes she (to stay) at home last weekend. 7. He wishes he (to know) something about cars. 8. I wish it (to be) sunny. 9. I wish it (to be) sunny during our picnic last Saturday. 10. She wishes she (to live) in the Crimea. 11. My friend wishes he (not to do) that last week. 12. I wish I (to bring) my camera last summer. 13. I wish I (can) tell the future. 14. Do you wish you (to be) in the Guinness Book of Records? 15. Some people wish they (can) appear on a TV game show and become famous. 16. She often wishes things (to be) different. Упражнение 490 Образуйте условные предложения. Не забудьте о смешанных случаях. 1. I shall go to the dentist because I have a toothache. If … 2. He is groaning with pain now because he did not go to the dentist to have his tooth filled. If … 3. She doesn't go to the clinic because she does not need any treatment. If … 4. I shan't go to see the play as I was present at the dress rehearsal. If … 5. He went to Moscow specially to hear this famous singer because he is fond of him. If … 6.We did not go to the cafeteria to have a glass of lemonade because we were not thirsty. If … 7. She could not mend her dress herself because she had no needle. If … 8. He is not a first-class sportsman now because he did not train enough last year. If … 9. The pupils were active because they wanted to understand this difficult material. If … 10. The pupils did not understand the homework because they were inattentive. If … 11. The pupils worked hard and did well in their exams. If … 12. She won't try to enter the foreign languages department because she is not good at foreign languages. If …

Давайте разберем вашу задачу по порядку. ### Упражнение 486: Использование сослагательного наклонения В заданиях для сослагательного наклонения мы должны использовать прошедшую форму (если условие прошло) или фиксированную форму, подходящую для ситуации. Основная конструкция "I wish" указывает на несбывшееся желание. 1. I wish I **could** give up smoking. 2. She wishes she **had seen** him at yesterday's party. 3. I wish I **had passed** my driving test last Monday. 4. I wish I **had not forgotten** my friend's birthday yesterday. 5. The boy is sad. He wishes he **had not broken** the window. 6. My aunt wishes she **had stayed** at home last weekend. 7. He wishes he **knew** something about cars. 8. I wish it **were** sunny. 9. I wish it **had been** sunny during our picnic last Saturday. 10. She wishes she **lived** in the Crimea. 11. My friend wishes he **had not done** that last week. 12. I wish I **had brought** my camera last summer. 13. I wish I **could** tell the future. 14. Do you wish you **were** in the Guinness Book of Records? 15. Some people wish they **could** appear on a TV game show and become famous. 16. She often wishes things **were** different. ### Пояснение - **Сослагательное наклонение** в английском языке часто выражает желания, сожаления или ситуации, которые, скорее всего, не произойдут. - В большинстве случаев, когда вы говорите о чем-то, что не произошло в прошлом, используйте "had" + причастие II для прошедшего времени. - Для выражения желаний, которые могут быть реальными, используется "could" или "were". ### Упражнение 490: Условные предложения Условные предложения формируются по следующей схеме: **если + условие (если это произойдет), то результат (это произойдет)**. 1. If I have a toothache, I shall go to the dentist. 2. If he had gone to the dentist to have his tooth filled, he wouldn't be groaning with pain now. 3. If she needed any treatment, she would go to the clinic. 4. If I hadn’t been present at the dress rehearsal, I would go to see the play. 5. If he weren’t fond of this famous singer, he wouldn’t have gone to Moscow specially to hear him. 6. If we had been thirsty, we would have gone to the cafeteria to have a glass of lemonade. 7. If she had had a needle, she could have mended her dress herself. 8. If he had trained enough last year, he would be a first-class sportsman now. 9. If the pupils had wanted to understand this difficult material, they would have been active. 10. If the pupils had been attentive, they would have understood the homework. 11. If the pupils hadn’t worked hard, they wouldn’t have done well in their exams. 12. If she were good at foreign languages, she would try to enter the foreign languages department. ### Пояснение - Условные предложения делятся на реальные (первый тип) и нереальные (второй и третий тип). - Для второго типа используются формы прошедшего времени (в условии) для обозначения ситуации, которая не может произойти в настоящем. - Для третьего типа — прошедшее совершенное время для обозначения ситуации, которая не произошла в прошлом. Если вам нужно еще больше объяснений или упражнений, дайте знать!