Let’s speak of anatomy and physiology, which are the study, respectively, of the normal structure and functioning of the body. For life to continue the body requires fuel in the…
Let’s speak of anatomy and physiology, which are the study, respectively, of the normal structure and functioning of the body. For life to continue the body requires fuel in the form of oxygen and food. The fuel needed by the body comes from our food, while oxygen is present in the air we breathe. Fuel and oxygen are conveyed in the blood to all parts of the body by the heart and circulation. The heart is simply a pump which circulates the blood throughout the body. Tubes called blood vessels carry it from the heart to all parts of the body and back. Blood returning from all parts of the body, except the lungs, enters the right atrium. This round trip is known as the circulation. The food we eat is turned into usable fuel by a process known as digestion. It is brought about by the action on the food of certain substances called enzymes which are made by the body and mixed with the food during its passage through the body. Oxygen is obtained from the air we breathe. The process by which it enters the blood to reach the body cells is called respiration. Its function is to provide the means whereby oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves. This interchange of gases occurs in the lungs, which are situated in the chest one on 48 each side of the heart. The respiratory system consists of the air passages and lungs. Overall control and coordination of the body functions are effected by the nervous system, which consists of the brain and nerves. The brain may be likened to a computerized telephone exchange with nerves serving as telephone lines. I. Найти в тексте английские эквиваленты для следующих слов и словосочетаний: 1. иметь дело; 2. переноситься; 3. общий контроль и координирование; 4. просто насос; 5. кровеносные сосуды; 6. круговое движение; 7. известны как; 8. обеспечивать возможность; II. Ответить на следующие вопросы по тексту: 1. What do anatomy and physiology study? 2. Where does the fuel for the body соmе from? 3. What is digestion? 4. What may the brain be likened tо? 5. What is heart? 6. What tubes are carrying blood cells? 7. Where does blood returning from all parts of the body enter? 8. What is respiration? 9. How can you characterize its function? 10. Where does the interchange of gases take рlасе? 11. What does the body require for lifе? 12. What are the enzymes? Задание № 2 (грамматическое) I. Изменить глаголы в Present Perfect. 1. John (write) his name. 2. I (draw) a picture. 3. Tom (blow out) the light. 4. The cat (drink) its milk. 5. The tree (fall) across the road. II. Изменить глаголы в Past Perfect. 1. Jill was afraid she _____ (forget) her key at home, but she found it in her handbag. 2. Dad wasn’t at home when I came back. He _____ (go) out twenty minutes before. 3. I wasn’t hungry because I_____ (just/have) breakfast. 4. Peter saw an urgent message on his table. Somebody _____ (leave) it the day before. 5. I apologized I _____ (not/phone) her. Задание № 3 Назвать основные симптомы ВИЧ/СПИД. Оказание первой помощи при ушибах и кровотечениях. Оказание первой помощи при переломе.
I. English equivalents from the text:
- иметь дело - to have to do with
- переноситься - to be conveyed
- общий контроль и координирование - overall control and coordination
- просто насос - simply a pump
- кровеносные сосуды - blood vessels
- круговое движение - circular motion
- известны как - known as
- обеспечивать возможность - to provide the means whereby
II. Questions about the text:
- Anatomy and physiology study the normal structure and functioning of the body.
- The fuel for the body comes from our food.
- Digestion is the process by which food is turned into usable fuel through the action of enzymes.
- The brain may be likened to a computerized telephone exchange with nerves acting as telephone lines.
- The heart is simply a pump that circulates blood throughout the body.
- Blood cells are carried by tubes known as blood vessels.
- Blood returning from all parts of the body enters the right atrium.
- Respiration is the process by which oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves.
- Its function is to provide the means whereby oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves.
- The interchange of gases takes place in the lungs.
- The body requires fuel in the form of oxygen and food for life to continue.
- Enzymes are substances made by the body and mixed with food during digestion.
Grammar exercise:
I. Present Perfect tense:
- John has written his name.
- I have drawn a picture.
- Tom has blown out the light.
- The cat has drunk its milk.
- The tree has fallen across the road.
II. Past Perfect tense:
- Jill was afraid she had forgotten her key at home, but she found it in her handbag.
- Dad wasn’t at home when I came back. He had gone out twenty minutes before.
- I wasn’t hungry because I had just had breakfast.
- Peter saw an urgent message on his table. Somebody had left it the day before.
- I apologized I had not phoned her.
First aid for injuries:
- Basic symptoms of HIV/AIDS.
- Providing first aid for bruises and bleeding.
- Providing first aid for a fracture.
