Transform sentences into the reported speech.
Sam says: "I hate Maths".
Sam said: "I hate carrots"
Polly said: "We're doing our homework now".
Polly says: "My mother is cooking dinner"
They said: "We have already seen this film".
Mr. Black said: "I saw your children in the park 10 minutes ago".
Mr. Black says: "I bought 20 kilos of potatoes Last weekends".
Tom said: "I was sleeping at 5 o'clock yesterday"
Helen says: "I had finished my homework by 6 o'clock".
Helen said: "She had downloaded her project to the website by 9 o'clock".
Dasha said: "We will play football tomorrow".
Dasha says: "We will go to the café next Sunday".
Nº2. Transform sentences into the direct speech.
Mr. Wolf said that he liked apple pies.
Pam said that her sister was crying that evening.
Bobby said that Tom and Ben had never been to Spain. (Past Perfect → Present
Perfect)
Lucy said that she had eaten a delicious cake 2 hours before. (Past Perfect → Past
Simple)
Paul said that his friends had been visiting the art museum the day before.
Mary said that she would enter the university the following year.
Конечно! Вот подробное решение задания о преобразовании предложений в косвенную речь (reported speech) и прямую речь (direct speech).
---
### Часть 1. Преобразование предложений в косвенную речь (Reported Speech)
**Правила:**
- Обычно, если в исходном предложении используется настоящее время, то в косвенной речи его переводят в прошедшее.
- Времена меняются согласно таблице последовательных смен времен.
- Примеры: present simple → past simple, present continuous → past continuous, will → would, have/has → had, etc.
**Решение:**
1. **Sam says: "I hate Maths".**
→ Он говорит, что он ненавидит математику.
→ В косвенной речи: **Sam says that he hates Maths.** (если сохраняем текущий смысл)
2. **Sam said: "I hate carrots"**
→ Он сказал, что он ненавидит морковь.
→ В косвенной речи: **Sam said that he hated carrots.** (прошедшее время)
3. **Polly said: "We're doing our homework now"**
→ Она сказала, что сейчас делает домашнее задание.
→ В косвенной речи: **Polly said that they were doing their homework then.**
4. **Polly says: "My mother is cooking dinner"**
→ Она говорит, что её мама готовит ужин.
→ В косвенной речи: **Polly says that her mother is cooking dinner.** (сохраняем настоящее, потому что она говорит в настоящем)
5. **They said: "We have already seen this film"**
→ Они сказали, что уже видели этот фильм.
→ В косвенной речи: **They said that they had already seen that film.**
6. **Mr. Black said: "I saw your children in the park 10 minutes ago"**
→ Он сказал, что видел ваших детей в парке 10 минут назад.
→ В косвенной речи: **Mr. Black said that he had seen my children in the park 10 minutes before.**
7. **Mr. Black says: "I bought 20 kilos of potatoes last weekend"**
→ Он говорит, что купил 20 килограммов картошки на прошлых выходных.
→ В косвенной речи: **Mr. Black says that he bought 20 kilos of potatoes last weekend.** (т.к. он продолжает говорить в настоящем)
8. **Tom said: "I was sleeping at 5 o'clock yesterday"**
→ Он сказал, что спал в 5 часов вчера.
→ В косвенной речи: **Tom said that he was sleeping at 5 o'clock yesterday.**
9. **Helen says: "I had finished my homework by 6 o'clock"**
→ Она говорит, что закончила домашнее задание к 6 часам.
→ В косвенной речи: **Helen says that she had finished her homework by 6 o'clock.**
10. **Helen said: "She had downloaded her project to the website by 9 o'clock"**
→ Она сказала, что она загрузила проект на сайт к 9 часам.
→ В косвенной речи: **Helen said that she had downloaded her project to the website by 9 o'clock.**
11. **Dasha said: "We will play football tomorrow"**
→ Она сказала, что завтра они сыграют в футбол.
→ В косвенной речи: **Dasha said that they would play football the next day.**
12. **Dasha says: "We will go to the café next Sunday"**
→ Она говорит, что в следующем воскресенье они пойдут в кафе.
→ В косвенной речи: **Dasha says that they will go to the café next Sunday.**
---
### Часть 2. Преобразование предложений в прямую речь (Direct Speech)
**Правила:**
- В прямой речи предложение пишем так, как оно было изначально, с сохранением пунктуации.
- Предложения, содержащие "что", преобразуются в прямую речь без "что", с добавлением кавычек и правильной пунктуации.
**Решение:**
1. **Mr. Wolf said that he liked apple pies.**
→ **"I like apple pies,"** said Mr. Wolf.
2. **Pam said that her sister was crying that evening.**
→ **"My sister was crying this evening,"** said Pam.
3. **Bobby said that Tom and Ben had never been to Spain.**
*(Past Perfect → Present Perfect)*
→ **"Tom and Ben have never been to Spain,"** said Bobby.
4. **Lucy said that she had eaten a delicious cake 2 hours before.**
*(Past Perfect → Past Simple)*
→ **"I ate a delicious cake two hours ago,"** said Lucy.
5. **Paul said that his friends had been visiting the art museum the day before.**
→ **"My friends were visiting the art museum yesterday,"** said Paul.
6. **Mary said that she would enter the university the following year.**
→ **"I will enter the university next year,"** said Mary.
---
Если нужно, я могу помочь более подробно с любыми из этих пунктов или объяснить правила подробнее.
