Present perfect, past simple and present simple Exercises Maich each with situation al or b. Inflation nove try 2 a) Last year it was 3% This year it 5% 2 Inflation has riven by 2% b) Two years ago it was 3% tast year it was 5% Has Bill called this moming? a) ill said he would call eleven am 4 Did tll call this morning? b) Bill said he would call two pm. Sue had an accident. a) Quick - call an ambulance! 6Sue has had an accident b) So we carne black from our vacation early. 8.2 Complete this article by putting three verbs into the past simple and three into the present pertect. Nike: the brand that keeps growing An accountant and a sports coach (1) (start) a smail shoe company calted Blue Ribbon in 1964. In 1971 it (2) (change) its name to Nike, and since then it (3) (become) one of the world's mest successful brands. Originally Nike (4) (be) only associated with basketball, but recently it (5) (expand) into new markets like football, Now Nike (6) (start) buying other fashion brands that are not even connected with sport. Underline the correct words 1 Their share price goes up/went up/has gone up by 4% yesterday 2 Their share price goes up/went up/has gone up by 4% today 3 Their share price goes uphwent up/has gone up every month. 4 I livell livediive lived in Barcelona since the end of last year. 5. I livell livedil've lived in Barcelona now - its a great city. 6 I livel livediive lived in Barcelona when I was a student. 7 When I cross the road in London I forgetil forgoti've forgotten to look the right way. 8 Oh not I forget forgottive forgotten her namel Can you remember it? 9 I must call Laura, I forget/l forgotitve forgotten to thank her for the meal last night. 8.4 Simon is talking to a colleague about a business trip Complete what he says by putting four verbs into the past simple and four into the present perfect. (1) ntcome (just/come) back from Vietnam, it (2) (be) fascinating Over recent years the Japanese (3) (innwest) a lot of money in the country - we (4) (vee) their factories alt along the coast But I'm really tired now - my flight (5) (arrive) yesterday and I (6) …(notrecover) from the trip yet. And t got a shock this moring when 1 (7) (turn) on my computer 1 (B) (neve/see) so many emails in my inbox)

Конечно! Ниже я подготовил подробное решение и объяснение для каждого из заданий, учитывая вашу цель — понять материал. Также я сделаю акцент на особенности использования Present Perfect, Past Simple и Present Simple. --- ### 1. Различия между временами: - **Present Simple** — для регулярных действий, фактов и общеизвестных истин. Например: I go to school every day. - **Past Simple** — для действий, завершённых в прошлом, обычно с указанием времени. Например: I visited Paris last year. - **Present Perfect** — для действий, которые имеют связь с настоящим или произошли недавно. Обычно используется с глаголами: "have/has + третья форма глагола". Например: I have seen that movie. --- ### 2. Задачи и решения #### **a) Inflation situation** - Last year it was 3% / This year it is 5% - Inflation has risen by 2% Объяснение: - **Past Simple:** "it was" — описывает конкретный факт в прошлом. - **Present Simple:** "it is" — текущая ситуация. - **Present Perfect:** "has risen" — результат, связанный с настоящим моментом. --- #### **b) Two years ago it was 3% / last year it was 5%** Объяснение: - Для двух лет назад используется Past Simple: "it was". - Для прошлого года — тоже Past Simple. --- ### **3. Вопросы о звонках** - Has Bill called this morning? (Сделан вопрос в Present Perfect. Используем для ситуации, завершившейся недавно или в неопределённый момент в прошлом, связанный с настоящим.) - Did Bill call this morning? (Past Simple — если предполагается, что разговор о конкретном времени, которое рассматривается как завершённое.) --- ### **4. Например:** - Sue had an accident. (Past Simple, событие в прошлом, завершённое.) - Sue has had an accident. (Present Perfect, речь о событии, которое произошло недавно или имеет значение для настоящего.) --- ### **5. Упражнение 8.2: Закончив статью** Заполняем глаголы: **Past Simple**: start, change, be **Present Perfect**: become, expand, start (используем "started" в предложении, например "Nike started buying...") Решение: An accountant and a sports coach **(1) started** a small shoe company called Blue Ribbon in 1964. In 1971 it **(2) changed** its name to Nike, and since then it **(3) has become** one of the world's most successful brands. Originally Nike **(4) was** only associated with basketball, but recently it **(5) has expanded** into new markets like football. Now Nike **(6) has started** buying other fashion brands that are not even connected with sport. --- ### **6. Подберите правильное слово (underline)** 1. went up 2. has gone up 3. has gone up 4. Have lived 5. live 6. lived 7. forget 8. have forgotten 9. forgot Объяснение: - В первом случае — прошедшее время "went up" ( Past Simple). - Во втором — "has gone up" ( Present Perfect). - В третьем — "has gone up" (Present Perfect), потому что речь о регулярности. - В остальных — выбор между Present Simple и Present Perfect зависит от контекста. --- ### **7. Упражнение 8.4 — заполнить пропуски для диалога** Используем: - (just/come) — "just come" или "have just come" (Present Perfect, недавно завершённое действие). - (be) — "has been" или "was" (зависит от времени). - (invested) — Past Simple, так как речь о прошлом. - (veered) — Past Simple. - (arrive) — Past Simple. - (not recovered) — Present Perfect или Past Perfect (зависит от контекста). - (turned) — Past Simple. - (have never seen) — Present Perfect. **Текст с заполнением:** "Since I **(just come)** back from Vietnam, it **(has been)** fascinating. Over recent years, the Japanese **(have invested)** a lot of money in the country — we **(have seen)** their factories all along the coast. But I'm really tired now — my flight **(arrived)** yesterday and I **(have not recovered)** from the trip yet. And I got a shock this morning when I **(turned)** on my computer — I **(have never seen)** so many emails in my inbox." --- Если необходима односторонняя помощь или дополнительные объяснения, я буду рад помочь!