Task 1. Read the texts. Mark the sentences T (True) or F (False) according to the information in the texts. 1. European zoos have been using concrete cages for animals. 2. Some…
Task 1. Read the texts. Mark the sentences T (True) or F (False) according to the information in the texts. 1. European zoos have been using concrete cages for animals. 2. Some animals live in their natural habitats in zoos. 3. Zoos now have to obey new rules. 4. Zoos try to stop species from becoming extinct. 5. The Eden Project consists of more than three greenhouses. 6. The biomes all have the same temperature. 7. The plants in the biomes come from various countries. (A) ZOOS The Wildlife Time Capsule 8. The Eden Project is in Wales. Think of a zoo and images of animals kept in cages is what usually springs to mind. Fortunately, a revolution has been taking place in zoos across Europe, and it looks as though things will never be the same again. This is fantastic news for the animals, who are seeing their concrete cages gradually disappear and are enjoying greatly improved living conditions which are as close to their natural habitats as possible. A new set of guidelines, called the European Union Zoo Directive, is coming into effect. It has already forced zoos to review their role in animal welfare. Recently British zoos have created natural environments where the animals are happy to live. They use water and other natural barriers as well as hidden fences to separate the animals from each other and from the visitors. 5The new conservation role of zoos involves the breeding of endangered species captivity. This is carried out in cooperation with other zoos. Together they try to maintain the animals' health as well as increase their numbers. This is an exciting time for Europe's zoos. Their new roles mean that they can become a time capsule, preserving and increasing the numbers and life expectancy of much of our wildlife. How can we encourage people to understand and care for nature now and in the future? The Eden Project at St Austell in Cornwall is a magnificent example of how nature can be protected and appreciated at the same time. The project is mostly made up of three separate domes, or 'biomes'. These biomes are like special greenhouses and contain plant life and ecosystems from around the world. The Humid Tropic Biome contains plants from hot, wet places such as the Amazon region, West Africa, Malaysia and Oceania. The Warm Temperate Biome houses plants from warm, dry areas such as California, South Africa and the Mediterranean. The third biome has no roof because it contains plants that are suitable for the cool, wet British climate. All of the plants in the biomes are grown from seeds and cuttings that are collected from plants all over the world. Only certain birds, insects and reptiles that fit within each environment have been included in the ecosystems. Together with other schemes, the Eden Project carries out breeding programmes to try to preserve endangered species. With its strange glass structures, the Eden Project looks more like a space station than anything you would expect to see in Cornwall. However, it is an exciting new look into the natural worldTask 2. Read the texts again and tick () the correct box. Which article: 9 is mainly concerned with plant life? 10 is mainly concerned with animal life? 11 mentions preserving endangered species? 12 mentions the breeding of various species? 13 mentions the controlled selection of animals? 14 mentions new rules introduced? A B both Task 3. Find the words/phrases in the texts which mean: Article A 15.little by little (adverb) 16.similar to (adjective) 17.make something bigger (verb) Article B 18.to have one's good qualities recognised (verb) 19.all the plants and animals that live in a particular area together with the complex relationship which exists between them and their environment (noun) 20.appropriate for (adjective)
Ниже подробное решение с объяснениями по каждому заданию.
Задача: 3 части
- Часть 1: определить True/False по текстам.
- Часть 2: определить, к какой статье относится каждый пункт (A, B, или оба).
- Часть 3: найти слова/фразы со значением, указанным в задании, в соответствующих статьях.
Часть 1. T/F (1–8)
- European zoos have been using concrete cages for animals.
- Ответ: F
- Обоснование: в тексте говорится, что бетонные клетки постепенно исчезают; зоопарки уходят от таких условий, а не используют их.
- Some animals live in their natural habitats in zoos.
- Ответ: T
- Обоснование: выражено идеей “as close to their natural habitats as possible” — условия в зоопарках ближе к естественным.
- Zoos now have to obey new rules.
- Ответ: T
- Обоснование: упоминается введение нового набора правил — Европейская директива по зоопаркам.
- Zoos try to stop species from becoming extinct.
- Ответ: T
- Обоснование: речь идёт о программах разведения редких видов и поддержании численности, охране видов.
- The Eden Project consists of more than three greenhouses.
- Ответ: F
- Обоснование: проект состоит в основном из трёх биомов (три купола).
- The biomes all have the same temperature.
- Ответ: F
- Обоснование: описано три различные среды (различные климатические условия: влажный тропик, тёплый умеренный климат и др.), то температы разные.
- The plants in the biomes come from various countries.
- Ответ: T
- Обоснование: растения привезены из разных регионов мира (Amazonia, Западная Африка, Малайзия и др.).
- The Eden Project is in Wales.
- Ответ: F
- Обоснование: Eden Project находится в Сто Остёлл, Корнуолл, Англия; не в Уэльсе.
Часть 2. Выбор правильного варианта для each пункта (9–14)
- is mainly concerned with plant life?
- Ответ: B
- Обоснование: статья B (Eden Project) фокусируется на растениях, биомах и растительном мире.
- is mainly concerned with animal life?
- Ответ: A
- Обоснование: статья A (Зоопарки) в первую очередь про животных, их благополучие и разведение.
- mentions preserving endangered species?
- Ответ: both
- Обоснование: и в A, и в B упоминаются меры по сохранению исчезающих видов (разведение, сохранение видов).
- mentions the breeding of various species?
- Ответ: both
- Обоснование: в обеих статьях описаны breeding programmes (разведение видов).
- mentions the controlled selection of animals?
- Ответ: B
- Обоснование: в статье B прямо указано, что “Only certain birds, insects and reptiles that fit within each environment have been included” — это контролируемый отбор животных. В статье A речь идёт о разведения и мониторинге, но формулировка “controlled selection” более явно относится к B.
- mentions new rules introduced?
- Ответ: A
- Обоснование: в статье A описана новая директива (European Union Zoo Directive) и введение новых правил. В статье B такие правила не упоминаются.
Часть 3. Найдите слова/фразы со значением
Article A (ZOOS) 15. little by little (adverb)
- Ответ: gradually
- Обоснование: в тексте употреблено “gradually disappear” в отношении исчезновения бетонных клеток.
- similar to (adjective)
- Ответ: close to (as close to their natural habitats as possible)
- Обоснование: выражение “as close to their natural habitats as possible” передаёт смысл близости/похожести.
- make something bigger (verb)
- Ответ: increase
- Обоснование: “increase their numbers” означает увеличение численности.
Article B (The Eden Project) 18. to have one's good qualities recognised (verb)
- Ответ: appreciated (to be appreciated)
- Обоснование: фраза “nature can be protected and appreciated” означает признание/ценность природного мира.
- all the plants and animals that live in a particular area together with the complex relationship which exists between them and their environment (noun)
- Ответ: ecosystem (обычно во множественном числе ecosystems; в тексте встречается слово “ecosystems”)
- Обоснование: определение экосистемы — совокупность организмов и их отношения с окружением.
- appropriate for (adjective)
- Ответ: suitable
- Обоснование: в тексте употреблено “plants that are suitable for the cool, wet British climate.”
Если нужно, могу привести точные цитаты из каждого абзаца вокруг утверждений, но суть решения и выбор слов объяснены выше.
