Short Answer
- Nucleus — stores the cell’s DNA and controls the cell’s activities.
- Ribosomes — make proteins by joining amino acids according to instructions from mRNA.
- Mitochondria — release energy from food and produce ATP during cellular respiration.
- Golgi apparatus — modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
- Lysosomes — use digestive enzymes to break down waste, damaged organelles, and large molecules.
Critical Thinking
If the lysosomes stopped functioning, waste and damaged organelles would accumulate inside the cell. The cell would be unable to recycle materials properly, its normal processes would become disrupted, and it might eventually die.
Reasoning: Lysosomes contain enzymes that digest and recycle unwanted materials. Without these enzymes, cellular waste would not be broken down.
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