Краткий ответ: по-английски имя пишется Oscar Wilde. Это известный ирландский писатель, поэт и драматург. Ниже — реферат примерно на 3 страницы А4.

Принцип построения реферата:

1. Кратко представить писателя.
2. Рассказать о его детстве и образовании.
3. Назвать главные произведения.
4. Показать важные события жизни.
5. Объяснить, почему его помнят сегодня.

Oscar Wilde

Introduction

Oscar Wilde was one of the most famous Irish writers of the nineteenth century. He was a poet, novelist, playwright and essayist. Wilde became famous for his unusual style, clever humour and interesting ideas about art and beauty. His best-known works are The Picture of Dorian Gray, The Importance of Being Earnest and The Happy Prince and Other Tales.

Oscar Wilde’s works are still popular today. His books and plays have been translated into many languages and performed in theatres around the world. He wrote about beauty, love, friendship, hypocrisy and the difference between appearance and reality.

Early Life and Education

Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was born on 16 October 1854 in Dublin, Ireland. His father, Sir William Wilde, was a doctor and a famous researcher. His mother, Jane Wilde, was a poet and writer. She used the pen name “Speranza” and was interested in Irish culture and politics.

Oscar grew up in an educated and creative family. He received a good education and studied at Trinity College in Dublin. Later, he went to Magdalen College at Oxford University in England. At university, Wilde read Greek and Roman literature, studied art and wrote poetry.

At Oxford, Oscar Wilde became interested in the Aesthetic movement. The supporters of this movement believed that art should be beautiful. They used the idea “art for art’s sake”. It meant that art did not always have to teach a practical lesson. It could simply give people pleasure and make them think.

Wilde was also famous for his elegant clothes and unusual appearance. He liked beautiful things and believed that a person’s style could express his character.

Oscar Wilde’s Literary Career

After finishing university, Wilde moved to London. He soon became well known for his intelligent conversations and witty remarks. In 1882, he travelled around the United States and Canada, where he gave lectures about art and literature.

In 1884, Oscar Wilde married Constance Lloyd. They had two sons. Wilde worked as a journalist and editor. He wrote articles, reviews and essays about books, art and society.

In 1888, Wilde published The Happy Prince and Other Tales. It is a collection of fairy tales for children and adults. The most famous stories from the collection are “The Happy Prince”, “The Selfish Giant” and “The Nightingale and the Rose”.

These stories have simple plots, but their ideas are serious. They speak about kindness, friendship, love, sacrifice and selfishness. For example, the story “The Happy Prince” shows that true kindness means helping other people, even when it is difficult.

The Picture of Dorian Gray

Oscar Wilde wrote only one novel. It is called The Picture of Dorian Gray. The novel was first published in a magazine in 1890 and appeared as a book in 1891.

The main character is a beautiful young man named Dorian Gray. An artist paints his portrait. Dorian wishes to stay young and beautiful forever, while the portrait becomes older instead of him. His wish comes true, but the portrait begins to show the consequences of his bad actions.

Dorian meets Lord Henry, who teaches him to value youth, pleasure and beauty above everything else. Dorian becomes selfish and cruel. Although his face remains young, his portrait becomes ugly.

The novel makes readers think about several important questions. Is beauty more important than a person’s character? Can a person escape the consequences of his actions? What happens when somebody cares only about pleasure? The book was controversial when it was published, but today it is considered a classic of English literature.

Oscar Wilde’s Plays

Oscar Wilde became especially famous as a playwright. His plays are full of humour, clever dialogue and unexpected situations. However, they also criticise the problems of Victorian society.

His important plays include Lady Windermere’s Fan, A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband. His most famous comedy is The Importance of Being Earnest. It was first performed in 1895.

The main characters of the play use false names and try to hide the truth about their lives. The situation becomes more and more confusing. The title contains a joke because the word “earnest” means serious or honest, while the characters are often neither serious nor honest.

In his comedies, Wilde laughed at people who cared too much about social status, money and good manners. He showed that people sometimes tried to look respectable but behaved badly in private. His plays are still popular because the humour is easy to understand and the characters are entertaining.

Difficult Years

At the height of his career, Oscar Wilde had serious personal and legal problems. In Victorian Britain, relationships between men were punished by law. In 1895, Wilde was found guilty of “gross indecency” and was sentenced to two years of hard labour.

Prison had a terrible effect on his health and life. During this period, he wrote a long letter about his experiences. The letter was later published under the title De Profundis. After his release in 1897, Wilde lived mainly in France. He was no longer as successful as before and had financial difficulties.

He also wrote The Ballad of Reading Gaol. The poem was based on his prison experience. It describes suffering, punishment and the feelings of prisoners.

Oscar Wilde died in Paris on 30 November 1900. He was only forty-six years old. The cause of his death was meningitis.

Conclusion

Oscar Wilde was a talented and original writer. He created beautiful fairy tales, an unusual novel and brilliant comedies. His works combine humour with serious ideas about people and society.

Wilde showed that appearance is not always the same as reality. He also wrote about the importance of kindness, honesty and personal responsibility. Although his life was difficult, his literary works have survived. Today, Oscar Wilde is remembered as one of the most interesting writers in English literature.

Sources

1. Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Oscar Wilde”.
2. Wilde, Oscar. The Happy Prince and Other Tales.
3. Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray.
4. Wilde, Oscar. The Importance of Being Earnest.

Проверка перед сдачей

• В английском языке правильно: Oscar Wilde, а не Oskar Wilde.
• В тексте есть биография, главные произведения, проблемы жизни и вывод.
• Для объёма примерно 3 страниц используй шрифт Times New Roman 14, межстрочный интервал 1,5.
• Если титульный лист входит в эти 3 страницы, можно использовать шрифт 12–14 или немного сократить текст.