Short answer (model about city traffic):
Little problem: City traffic is very heavy in the morning and afternoon. Many students arrive late, and the air is dirty.
Five cause → consequence pairs about transport:
| Cause (why it happens) | Consequence (what happens because of it) |
|---|---|
| Too many private cars | Traffic jams and longer journeys |
| Few buses or trains / poor public transport | More people drive, so pollution increases |
| Narrow roads or roadworks | Bottlenecks and delays |
| Rain or snow | Drivers go slower; more accidents |
| Not enough parking | Cars circle the streets and block traffic |
How to understand it:
- A cause answers “Why did it happen?”
- A consequence answers “What happened as a result?”
- Link them with words like because, so, as a result, or therefore.
- Check each pair by asking: “If this cause happens, does this result make sense?”
Example check:
“Too many cars → traffic jams.”
This works because more cars on the same roads means slower movement and crowding.
Pattern for a similar task:
Cause: [a transport problem] → Consequence: [what happens next].
Do not put a solution (like “build more roads”) as the consequence.
