Ответы

Краткие ответы

Task 1

1. which — dictionary/book — предмет.
2. who — doctor — человек.
3. who — pilot/someone — человек.
4. which — bus — предмет.
5. who — artist/person — человек.

Task 2 1 — d
2 — b
3 — a
4 — c
5 — e

Task 3

1. which / that
2. who / that
3. who / that
4. which / that
5. who / that

Обычный школьный вариант: 1 и 4 — which, 2, 3 и 5 — who.
That тоже допустимо в этих определительных придаточных.

Task 4 — исправленные предложения

1. The man who called you yesterday is my teacher.
2. I don’t like films which are very sad.
3. A scientist is a person who studies science.
4. This is the computer which my father bought for me.

Task 5 — по порядку предложений

1. We visited the castle which is 500 years old.
2. The woman who works at the post office is very friendly.
3. This is a book which has many colourful pictures.

Task 6 — возможные варианты

1. A good sister/brother is a person who always supports you.
2. My favourite food is a thing that makes me happy.
3. A bicycle is a transport which has two wheels.

Как понять принцип

Главный вопрос: на кого или на что указывает слово перед пропуском?

• who — если речь о человеке:
  a doctor, a pilot, a teacher, the woman, the student.
• which — если речь о предмете или животном:
  a book, a bus, a robot, a cake, a computer, a lion.
• that — может заменить и who, и which в таких определительных придаточных:
  the man who/that called me; the book which/that has pictures.

При соединении двух предложений заменяем повторяющееся местоимение на who/which и ставим придаточное сразу после существительного:

• It is 500 years old. → which is 500 years old
• She works at the post office. → who works at the post office

Проверка: в придаточном не должно быть лишнего местоимения — не «who she works», а просто who works. Также следи за глаголом: a book which has, films which are.