Реши 21 используя презент перфект континиус

Ответ к № 21

1. We have known each other for 20 years.
2. My friends have been learning English for four years.
3. Have you learnt these verbs? (AmE: Have you learned…)
4. We have never been to Japan, but we have always wanted to visit it.
5. He has been riding a bike all evening!
6. Anna hasn’t been working well lately.
7. She hasn’t been writing poems for three years, but she has written many poems in her life.
8. — Why are you so dirty? — I have been playing with Rex in the garden.
9. How long have you been waiting for Masha?

Как выбрать время

• Present Perfect Continuous = have/has been + V-ing. Нужен, когда важна длительность процесса до настоящего момента (for four years, all evening, lately, how long) или недавнее действие даёт видимый результат: I have been playing with Rex → поэтому я грязный.
• Present Perfect Simple = have/has + V3. Нужен для результата, опыта или количества: have written many poems.
• Глаголы состояния — know, be, want — обычно не ставят в Continuous. Поэтому в №1 и №4 только Present Perfect Simple.
• В №3 «выучил» — это результат, поэтому Have you learnt…?. Если бы было «учил» как процесс, можно было бы сказать Have you been learning…?

Проверка: в №2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 есть have/has been + -ing; в №1, 3, 4 — have/has + V3. Это как раз правильное сочетание двух времён.