Qisqa javob:
- Yuqoridagi zanjir: 270 340
- 8-mashq: 6 usul
- 9-mashq: a) \(x=58\), b) \(y=70\)
- 10-mashq: 2 560 ta xorijiy o‘simlik urug‘i
1. Zanjirni ustun usulida yechish
Zanjirdagi amallarni ketma-ket bajaramiz:
47 567
+ 38 113
---------
85 680
85 680
- 17 520
---------
68 160
68 160
+ 1 686
---------
69 846
69 846
× 12
---------
139 692
+698 460
---------
838 152
838 152
- 27 132
---------
811 020
Endi bo‘lamiz:
\[ 811\,020 : 3 = 270\,340 \]
Tekshirish:
270 340
× 3
---------
811 020
Javob: 270 340.
2. 8-mashq — bog‘lash usullari
Uchta har xil piyozbosh bor: giatsint, krokus va lola.
- Yakka tuvakka qaysi bittasini qo‘yishni tanlash — 3 xil.
- Qolgan ikkitasini qo‘sh tuvakning ikki tomoniga joylash — 2 xil.
\[ 3 \cdot 2 = 6 \]
Javob: 6 usul.
Masalan: G-K | L, K-G | L, G-L | K, L-G | K, K-L | G, L-K | G.
3. 9-mashq — tenglamalar
a)
\[ 4\,640 : x + 18\,290 = 9\,806 + 8\,564 \]
Avval o‘ng tomonni hisoblaymiz:
9 806
+ 8 564
---------
18 370
\[ 4\,640 : x + 18\,290 = 18\,370 \]
\[ 4\,640 : x = 18\,370 - 18\,290 = 80 \]
\[ x = 4\,640 : 80 = 58 \]
Tekshirish:
58
× 80
-----
4 640
Javob: \(x=58\).
b)
\[ 81 \cdot y - 267 = 13\,299 - 7\,896 \]
13 299
- 7 896
---------
5 403
\[ 81 \cdot y - 267 = 5\,403 \]
\[ 81 \cdot y = 5\,403 + 267 = 5\,670 \]
\[ y = 5\,670 : 81 = 70 \]
Tekshirish:
81
× 70
-----
5 670
Javob: \(y=70\).
4. 10-mashq
Madaniy o‘simliklar soni 4 marta ko‘p:
5 580
× 4
-------
22 320
Endi ma’lum urug‘larni qo‘shamiz:
22 320
+ 5 580
---------
27 900
Jami urug‘dan ayiramiz:
30 460
- 27 900
---------
2 560
Javob: 2 560 ta xorijiy o‘simlik urug‘i.
Asosiy qoida: ustunda bir xil xona raqamlarini tagma-tag yozib hisoblash kerak; tenglamada esa avval o‘ng tomonni hisoblab, keyin noma’lumni teskari amal bilan ajratamiz.
