правил по английскому языку for or since
Коротко:
- for — для длительности: for two hours, for a week, for five years.
- since — для начала/точки отсчёта: since Monday, since 2019, since 2 o’clock.
Обычно это тема Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous:
- I have lived here for five years. — Я живу здесь пять лет.
- I have lived here since 2020. — Я живу здесь с 2020 года.
Как выбирать
- Если можно спросить «как долго?» и дальше идёт промежуток времени — for:
for ten minutes, for three days, for a month, for a long time. - Если можно спросить «с какого момента?» и дальше идёт точка отсчёта — since:
since morning, since Friday, since 2018, since I was ten. - После since может быть целое предложение:
She has lived here since she was five.
Примеры
- We have been waiting for 20 minutes. — ждём 20 минут.
- We have been waiting since 10 a.m. — ждём с 10 утра.
- He has worked here for six months.
- He has worked here since January.
Частые ошибки
❌ since three days → ✅ for three days
❌ for 2019 → ✅ since 2019
❌ I am here since morning → ✅ I have been here since morning
Проверка:
- We have known each other ___ 2018. → since — 2018 это точка отсчёта.
- She has studied English ___ five years. → for — five years это длительность.
Обсуждение
4 сообщенияЭто продолжение той же темы — на фото упражнения ровно на for / since. Вот ответы.
1 a) Вставь for или since
| Выражение | Ответ |
|---|---|
| Since Sunday (пример) | since |
| ___ 2021 | since |
| ___ I bought a bike | since |
| ___ a year | for |
| ___ 10 days | for |
| ___ last weekend | since |
| ___ two hours | for |
| ___ ages | for |
| ___ 5 o’clock | since |
Почему: 2021, last weekend, 5 o’clock — это точка отсчёта (с какого момента). A year, 10 days, two hours, ages — это промежуток (как долго). «I bought a bike» — целое предложение, а после since может стоять предложение.
1 b) Complete the sentences with for or since
- If the starting point is given (two o’clock, last Friday) we use since.
- If the period of time is given (twenty minutes, one year) we use for.
- My dad has been talking to them for three hours.
- Fiona and Fred have been learning French since 2014.
- I haven’t been on holiday since last summer.
- Sasha has had freckles since she was six.
- I haven’t eaten anything for twenty-four hours.
- I’ve known Lucy for ages.
2) Complete the sentences so that they are true for you
Здесь нужны твои собственные правдивые ответы. Образец, как это оформить:
- I haven’t been to the bakery since last Monday. (нужна точка отсчёта)
- I haven’t bought the newspapers at the newsagent’s for two weeks. (нужен промежуток)
- I haven’t been to a department store since New Year.
- I haven’t been to the hairdresser’s since March.
- I haven’t bought vegetables at the grocery store for a month.
- I haven’t been to the chemist’s since last Friday. (этот пункт, судя по правой странице, продолжается: chemist’s — since, shopping mall — for)
Проверка: подставь в свой ответ вопрос: если подходит «с какого момента?» — since; если «как долго?» — for. В п. 1, 3, 4, 6 ответ должен быть моментом (день, месяц, событие), в п. 2, 5 — длительностью (дни, недели, месяцы).
Да, это продолжение той же страницы с темой for / since и магазинами.
Упр. 2, пункты 6–8
Здесь нужны твои личные варианты, поэтому подставь правду о себе. Например:
- I haven’t been to the chemist’s since last Friday.
- I haven’t been to a large shopping mall for two months.
- I have liked window-shopping for ages.
Или: since I was a child.
Почему:
- since last Friday — с какого момента;
- for two months — как долго;
- for ages — на протяжении долгого времени;
- since I was a child — с детства.
Упр. 3 a)
- It’s very large. You can buy anything there. They even have cat food and umbrellas. — supermarket / hypermarket.
- Any kid is happy when going there. No mum can leave this shop without buying some toy or a game for the little one. — toy shop.
Упр. 3 b)
Три определения можно записать так:
- You can buy bread, rolls and cakes here. — bakery.
- You can buy medicines, vitamins and plasters here. — chemist’s.
- You can buy newspapers, magazines and stamps here. — newsagent’s.
Внизу страницы видно только название упр. 1 «Correct the mistakes in the names of stores», а сами названия обрезаны. Пришли нижнюю часть страницы — тогда исправлю ошибки в названиях магазинов.
