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6
Think of reasons for the situations below. Complete the sentences. Use the Past Perfect or the Past Perfect Continuous.
1 He was unhappy because ► he had failed his tests. 2 Our teacher was angry because ..... 3 She had a terrible headache because ..... 4 The children came back home very tired because ..... 5 She was late because ..... 6 They were wet because .....
Short answer — one possible version. The task is open-ended, so other logical reasons are also correct.
- He was unhappy because he had failed his tests. (given)
- Our teacher was angry because we hadn’t done our homework.
- She had a terrible headache because she had been staring at the screen all evening.
- The children came back home very tired because they had been playing football for two hours.
- She was late because she had missed the bus.
- They were wet because they had been walking in the rain.
How to choose the tense
- Past Perfect = a completed action before another past action: had failed, hadn’t done, had missed. The result matters.
- Past Perfect Continuous = an action that continued up to a past moment; the process or duration matters: had been staring, had been playing, had been walking. Words like all evening and for two hours are clues.
- The main sentence stays in the past simple, while the reason is one step earlier in the past.
Check: every reason contains had or hadn’t; items 3, 4 and 6 correctly use had been + -ing because they emphasise the process.