10. I did not apply/have not applied for a ob it our compan before. 11. I hoped/have hoped tat ou ould consider m application faourabl. 12. oeer, I have been waiting/have waited…

10. I did not apply/have not applied for a ob it our compan before. 11. I hoped/have hoped tat ou ould consider m application faourabl. 12. oeer, I have been waiting/have waited for a reply for eeks and I still have not received/did not receive any answer. В. С. Маслова 80 Reading Task 1. Read and translate the article: Improving Communication: Successful communication is essential for success in many facets of life. Stron communication abilities are needed for man ocations. eople o are stron communicators tpicall ae more positie interactions it teir friends and famil. s a result, eectie interpersonal communication is essential, and understandin o to do so as seeral adantaes. oeer, a lot of folks strule it ere to bein. is pae lists te most prealent “problem areas” and oers ideas on ere ou mit concentrate our eorts. - Communication is a to-a process. It inoles bot o e send and receie messaes. Receiin includes bot o e take in te messae (readin or listenin, for eample), and te decodin’ of the message. Successful professional communication. Student’s book 81 Improving communication may therefore also involve either or both elements. oeer, man of te most common issues actuall lie in receiin rater tan sendin messaes. Identifying Problems an people appreciate tat te ae a problem it communication skills, but strule to kno ere to start to improe. ere are a number of as tat ou can identif particular problem areas, includin: ― sk our friends, famil and colleaues to adise ou. ost people ill be app to elp ou it our ourne toards self-improement. e ma een ae been aitin for ust tis opportunity for some time. TOP TIP! You may find it helpful to use a structure like ‘Start, Continue, Stop’ when seeking feedback. ― sk people to tell ou one or to tins tat ou need to start doin, one or to to continue, and one or to to stop. is ensures tat ou et action-focused feedback tat is also relatiel brief. ou could instead simpl ork to improe te most common problem areas and see what happens. Four Key Areas for Improvement There are generally four main areas of communication skills tat most of us ould do ell to improe. ese are listenin, В. С. Маслова 82 non-erbal communication, emotional aareness and manaement, and uestionin. 1. Learn to Listen One of te most common areas to need improement is listenin. e all ae a tendenc to foret tat communication is a to-a process. e fall into te trap of broadcastin’, ere e ust issue a messae, and fail to listen to te response. uite a lot of te time, e are not reall listenin to oters in conersation, but tinkin about at e plan to sa net. our relationsips at ork and at ome are likel to improe as our listenin skills et better. But at is listenin earin and listenin are not te same tin. earnin to listen is pain attention to not onl te ords tat are bein said, but also to te a te are bein said and an accompanin nonerbal cues. It entails iin te person speakin our undiided attention and pain close attention to bot at te are sain and at te are not sain. o alidate at te oter person as said and clear up an misunderstandins, ood listeners utilie te strateies of eplanation and reection. Similar to actie listenin, tese approaces also make it etremel eident tat ou are listening. 2.- uc of an messae is communicated non-erball. Some estimates suest tat tis ma be as muc as 80% of communication. It is terefore important to consider and understand non-erbal communication — particularl en it is absent or reduced, suc as en ou are communicatin in ritin or b telepone. Non-erbal communication is often tout of as bod lanuae, but it actuall coers far more. It includes, for eample, tone and pitc Successful professional communication. Student’s book 83 of te oice, bod moement, ee contact, posture, facial epression, and een psioloical canes suc as seatin.ou can terefore understand oter people better b pain close attention to teir non- erbal communication. ou can also ensure tat our messae is coneed more clearl b ensurin tat our ords and bod lanuae are consistent. 3. Emotional Awareness and Management e tird undersun area of communication is aareness of our on and oter people’s emotions, and an abilit to manae tose emotions. t ork it is eas to fall into te trap of tinkin tat eertin sould be loical, and tat emotion as no place. oeer, e are uman and terefore mess and emotional. None of us can leae our emotions at ome — and nor sould e tr to do so. at is not to sa tat e sould let it all an out’. oeer, an aareness of emotions, bot positie and neatie, can denitel improe communication. Emotional intellience is te abilit to reconie our on emotions as ell as tose of oters. ere is a lot of eidence to suest that it is much more crucial to success in life than what we may term “intellectual intellience”. Numerous skills fall under te cateor of emotional intellience, ic is tpicall broken don into social and personal skills. e personal skills include motiation, self-aareness, and self-reulation. Empat and social skills are included in te social skills. Eac of tese is diided into oter skills. - -- Empat is te capacit to feel it oters, to eperience and compreend teir feelins. It entails deelopin oters, appreciatin В. С. Маслова 84 ariet and usin it to ones adantae, and bein politicall aare. Fundamentall, te idea beind te arious abilities tat make up emotional intellience is tat in order to compreend and et alon it oters, ou must be aare of, understand, and be able to control your own emotions. 4. Questioning Skills uestionin is te fourt dicult area tat man people encounter. o make sure ou ae understood someones messae accuratel, uestionin is an important skill. It is also a er eectie approac to learn more about a specic subect or to merel bein and maintain a conersation. s a result of teir propensit to spend far more time gathering information from others than airing their own iepoints, people it stron uestionin abilities are sometimes seen as ain ecellent listenin skills. Communicating with Others ese four important communication cannels all ae one tin in common: te are all (or primaril) about receiin messages. oeer, tere are also crucial tins ou can do to increase our cances of successfull transmittin a messae. For instance: Dont ust blurt out te rst tin tat comes to mind. Instead, pause for a moment and focus on our ords and delier. Concentrate on the message you wish to convey. ailor our communication to te oter persons likel interpretation of our messae. ou can lessen te likeliood of Successful professional communication. Student’s book 85 misinterpretations and interpersonal conict b talkin clearl. ou can, for instance, ask tem to summarie or reect on at te ae eard and understood to see if te ae understood. en communicatin our messae, it mit also be benecial to pa close attention to ariations in culture, prior eperiences, attitudes, and skills. oid usin aron and too tecnical terms, and make an eort to keep our ansers straitforard. Neer use ords tat are oensie or tat are seist or racist. ere are a number of oter elements and aspects tat can aect o a messae is bot transmitted and receied. e include te use of umour, te a tat ou treat people more enerall, and our on attitude — bot to life enerall and to te oter person and communicating. Using Humour auin releases endorpins tat can elp reliee stress and aniet. ost people like to lau and ill feel dran to somebod o can make tem lau. Don’t be afraid to be funn or cleer, but do ensure our umour is appropriate to te situation. se our sense of umour to break te ice, to loer barriers and ain te aection of oters. B usin appropriate umour ou ill be perceied as more charismatic. Treat People Equally las aim to communicate on an eual basis and aoid patronisin people. Do not talk about oters beind teir backs and tr not to deelop faourites: b treatin people as our eual and also eual to eac oter, ou ill build trust and respect. If condentialit В. С. Маслова 86 is an issue, make sure its boundaries are knon and ensure its maintenance. It is almost alas elpful to resole problems and conicts as te arise, rater tan lettin tem fester. e most eectie communicators are also ood mediators and neotiators. e are not biased or udemental but instead ease te a for conict resolution. Maintain a Positive Attitude and Smile Fe people ant to be around someone o is miserable. Do our best to be friendl, upbeat and positie it oter people. aintain a positie, ceerful attitude to life: en tins do not o to plan, sta optimistic and learn from our mistakes. If ou smile often and sta ceerful, people are more likel to respond positiel to ou. Similarl, if sometin makes ou anr or upset, ait for a fe ours and calm don before takin action. If ou do complain, do so calml, tr to nd some positie aspects to te situation and aoid iin unnecessar criticism. Minimise Stress Some communication scenarios are, b teir nature, stressful. Stress can oeer be a maor barrier to eectie communication. ll parties sould terefore tr to remain calm and focused. A lifelong learning journey For most of us, improin our communication skills is an onoin process. ere is unlikel to eer come a point at ic an of us could onestl sa tat e could learn no more about communication: tat e ere no eperts, and neer ot it ron. ust because e ill Successful professional communication. Student’s book 87 neer be eperts’, oeer, does not mean tat e sould not start te process of improement. Improin our communication skills ill almost certainl ease and improe all our interpersonal relationsips, bot at ome and at ork. It is an inestment of time tat ill er denitel pa o. Based on: ttps://.skillsouneed.com/ips/improin- communication.html Task 2. Answer the questions: 1. at is te most common area ere people need improement in communication 2. o is listenin dierent from earin, and at are some tecniues tat ood listeners use to conrm understandin 3. at is Emotional Intellience, and is it important for success in life? 4. is uestionin a crucial skill in communication, and o does it relate to bein a ood listener 5. at are some tins ou can do to improe our abilit to transmit messaes eectiel 6. o can usin appropriate umor elp improe commu- nication with others? 7. is it important to treat people euall and aoid deelopin faorites en communicatin it oters 8. at are some strateies for resolin conicts as te arise in communication? 9. o can maintainin a positie attitude and minimiin stress elp improe communication it oters 10. at are some eamples of non-erbal communication beond bod lanuae В. С. Маслова 88 Speaking Task 1. Discuss these questions with the teacher: 1. at are some common barriers to eectie communication, and o can te be oercome 2. o does actie listenin contribute to better communication, and at strateies can ou use to become a more actie listener 3. In at as can nonerbal communication impact te messae bein coneed in a conersation 4. o can ou adust our communication stle to eectiel communicate it people from dierent cultures or back- rounds 5. at role do empat and emotional intellience pla in successful communication, and o can ou deelop tese skills 6. o can tecnolo bot elp and inder communication, and at steps can ou take to ensure tat tecnolo is used eectiel in communication 7. at are some common communication pitfalls to aoid, suc as interruptin or usin defensie lanuae 8. o can ou ie constructie feedback in a a tat is clear and respectful, ile still addressin areas for improement 9. at are some tecniues for manain conict in a professional settin, and o can ou approac dicult conersations with colleagues or clients? 10. o can ou continue to improe our communication skills oer time, and at resources or tools are aailable to support onoin deelopment Successful professional communication. Student’s book 89 Homework Task 1. 1. to fester o. a deice or situation desined to catc or deceie someone 2. absent g. to ae a stron attraction or inclination toards sometin or someone 3. to fail r. an ealuation of ones on abilities, performance, or proress 4. to pa o l. not present or accounted for 5. to struggle a. te act of makin oneself better in some a, suc as learnin ne skills or improin ones caracter 6. to tailor m. to become orse or more intense oer time, often referrin to neatie feelins or situations 7. genuinely s. made smaller or less in sie, amount, or deree 8. undersun h. to not succeed in aciein a oal or completing a task