We study our Earth for many reasons: to find water to drink or oil to run our cars or coal to heat our homes, to know where earthquakes will occur or to predict landslides or floods, and to try to understand our natural surroundings. Geology may be divided into physical geology and historical geology. Physical geology deals with the materials of the Earth, earth crust movements, the structure of the Earth and various processes and agencies, such as weather, wind, streams, glaciers, the sea, organisms, volcanoes, earthquakes, subterranean water, etc. Historical geology is the branch of geologic science that relates to the past history of the earth. Earth is not stable nothing on its surface is permanent. Thus to understand the world we live in, we must study Earths history. We study Earths history by studying the record of past events that are preserved in rocks. The layers of the rocks are the pages in our history book. Rock layers are also called strata and the science that treats of these layered rocks is referred to as stratigraphy. To tell the age of most layered rocks scientists study the fossils these rocks contain. Fossils are the remains of once-living organisms. Today the animals and plants that live in the ocean are very different from those that live on land and the animals and plants that live in one part of the ocean or on one part of the land are very different from those in other parts. Similarly, fossils, animals and plants from different environments are different. Scientists must study the fossil from a variety of environments to build a complete picture of the animals and plants that lived in the past. The science that studies fossil remains is called paleontology. Краткий пересказ на английском с теми де словами. В 5 предложений на каждый абзац

Paragraph 1: We study our Earth for many reasons: to find water to drink or oil to run our cars or coal to heat our homes, to know where earthquakes will occur or to predict landslides or floods, and to try to understand our natural surroundings. These are the purposes mentioned in the opening of the text. The paragraph highlights practical needs, hazards, and our surroundings as motives for geology. It shows that understanding Earth helps with resources, safety, and comprehension of the environment. The overall idea is to frame geology as study of Earth for everyday life. Paragraph 2: Geology may be divided into physical geology and historical geology. Physical geology deals with the materials of the Earth, earth crust movements, the structure of the Earth and various processes and agencies, such as weather, wind, streams, glaciers, the sea, organisms, volcanoes, earthquakes, subterranean water, etc. Historical geology is the branch of geologic science that relates to the past history of the earth. Earth is not stable; nothing on its surface is permanent. Thus to understand the world we live in, we must study Earths history. Paragraph 3: Physical geology deals with the materials of the Earth, earth crust movements, the structure of the Earth and various processes and agencies, such as weather, wind, streams, glaciers, the sea, organisms, volcanoes, earthquakes, subterranean water, etc. It focuses on the present Earth and how its parts interact and change. It covers the structure of the Earth and the processes and agencies that shape it. Examples include weather, wind, streams, glaciers, the sea, organisms, volcanoes, earthquakes, and subterranean water. This section outlines the scope and topics of physical geology. Paragraph 4: Historical geology is the branch of geologic science that relates to the past history of the earth. Earth is not stable; nothing on its surface is permanent. Thus to understand the world we live in, we must study Earths history. We study Earths history by studying the record of past events that are preserved in rocks. The layers of the rocks are the pages in our history book. The paragraph explains how rocks preserve Earth’s history through layers. Paragraph 5: Rock layers are also called strata and the science that treats of these layered rocks is referred to as stratigraphy. Rock layers are also called strata and the science that treats of these layered rocks is referred to as stratigraphy. The term stratigraphy links layered rocks to their study and to geological time. Stratigraphy is the science that treats these layered rocks. The paragraph introduces the terminology used for reading Earth’s history in rocks. Paragraph 6: To tell the age of most layered rocks scientists study the fossils these rocks contain. Fossils are the remains of once-living organisms. Fossils help reveal the age and past life represented by rocks. Paleontologists use fossil remains to understand ancient life and environments. The science that studies fossil remains is called paleontology. Paragraph 7: Today the animals and plants that live in the ocean are very different from those that live on land and the animals and plants that live in one part of the ocean or on one part of the land are very different from those in other parts. Similarly, fossils, animals and plants from different environments are different. Scientists must study the fossil from a variety of environments to build a complete picture of the animals and plants that lived in the past. The science that studies fossil remains is called paleontology. Paleontology studies fossil remains and the organisms from different environments in Earth’s history.