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Marie Skłodowska Curie (1867–1934) was a Polish-born physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. Born in Warsaw, she moved to Paris to study at the Sorbonne, where she met and married Pierre Curie in 1895. In 1898, the Curies and Henri Becquerel discovered two new elements—polonium and radium—and she coined the term "radioactivity." She won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 (shared with Pierre Curie and Becquerel) for work on radioactivity, becoming the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. In 1911 she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery and isolation of polonium and radium, making her the first person to earn Nobel Prizes in two sciences. She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and Warsaw, and during World War I she helped deploy mobile X-ray units to aid wounded soldiers. Her work laid the foundations of modern radiology and cancer therapy. She died in 1934 from aplastic anemia, likely caused by long-term radiation exposure.