Ниже представлен подробный пошаговый разбор по каждому разделу вашего задания. Я дам ответы и пояснения, чтобы было понятно, почему так.
Часть 1. Задайте вопросы, ответы на которые служат следующим предложениям
Даны ответы, нужно подобрать подходящие вопросы.
- Ответ: No, I’m a managing director.
- Возможный вопрос: Are you the managing director?
Пояснение: задаём общий вопрос о должности; в ответе студент произносит форму “No, I’m a managing director.” Это учебный пример для тренировки форм отрицания/ответов на вопросы. Альтернатива, если хотим более естественно: “Are you the managing director?” — ответ бы звучал иначе, но в рамках задания используем именно эту пару.
- Ответ: Yes, he is.
- Вопрос: Is he your brother? Пояснение: простое вопросительное предложение к личной характеристике.
- Ответ: No, she is in Marketing.
- Вопрос: Is she in Sales? Пояснение: спрашиваем отдел, отвечаем, что она в Marketing.
- Ответ: No, I’m Russian.
- Вопрос: Are you American? Пояснение: ставим вопрос про гражданство/национальность; ответ подтверждает противоположное.
- Ответ: I’m very good. Thanks.
- Вопрос: How are you? Пояснение: стандартный ответ на вопрос о самочувствии.
Кратко еще раз:
- Вопрос: Are you the managing director? Ответ: No, I’m a managing director.
- Вопрос: Is he your brother? Ответ: Yes, he is.
- Вопрос: Is she in Sales? Ответ: No, she is in Marketing.
- Вопрос: Are you American? Ответ: No, I’m Russian.
- Вопрос: How are you? Ответ: I’m very good. Thanks.
Часть 2. Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения
Перевод на английский (естественные варианты):
- Моя сестра интересуется современной прозой (prose).
- My sister is interested in modern prose.
- Его тетя связана с этим клубом.
- His aunt is involved with this club. / His aunt is connected with this club.
- Я и мой друг Джек увлекаемся спортом.
- My friend Jack and I enjoy sports. (или: Jack and I enjoy sports.)
- Мои друзья гордятся их успехами.
- My friends are proud of their successes.
- Мои родители беспокоятся о моём будущем.
- My parents are worried about my future.
- Моя младшая сестра боится собак и пауков.
- My younger sister is afraid of dogs and spiders.
- Мой лучший друг художник (a painter). Он известен своим творчеством.
- My best friend is a painter. He is known for his creativity.
- Я не увлекаюсь футболом.
- I’m not into football. / I don’t like football.
- Наш менеджер по производству предан своей работе.
- Our production manager is devoted to his work.
- Менеджеры по рекламе ответственны за имидж компании (image).
- Advertising managers are responsible for the company's image.
Пояснение: это стандартные структуры present simple, с предлогами, прилагательные и т. д. Варианты перевода могут немного варьироваться, главное сохранить смысл.
Часть 3. Вставьте оборот there is или there are
- There aren’t any people in the office today.
- Is there any sugar in the cupboard?
- There isn’t any water on Mars.
- Are there any messages for me?
- There’s some tea but there isn’t any coffee.
- There are more girls than boys in my class.
- Are there some sandwiches if you’re hungry?
- There is a man on the roof of that house. What’s he doing?
Пояснение: there is – единственное число/неисчисляемые существительные в утвердительных и вопросов; there are – во множественном числе; отрицания образуются с not (isn’t/aren’t) или сокращениями isn’t/aren’t; “there’s” сокращение there is.
Часть 4. Complete the sentences with forms of the verb to be (am, is, are)
- Is James an accountant? - Yes, he is.
- He is from Germany. He is Australian.
- Anna Lise is a manager in the human resources department.
- Are they French? – No, they aren’t.
- Is James happy to work for Schmidt and Peck? – Yes, he is.
- They are interested in traveling.
Пояснение: заполняем формы am/is/are в зависимости от подлежащего и времени (настоящие утвердительные).
Часть 5. Answer the questions
Варианты ответов (примерные, естественные):
- Is it hot or cold? - It’s hot. / It’s hot today.
- Is the man young or old? - He’s young.
- Is the cat thin or fat? - It’s fat.
- Is the woman short or tall? - She’s tall.
- Is the street dirty or clean? - It’s clean.
- Is the girl happy or sad? - She’s happy.
- Are the jeans cheap or expensive? - They’re expensive.
- Is he in the finance or in the production department? - He’s in the production department.
- Is he a manager or an accountant? - He’s a manager.
- Is she a designer or a receptionist? - She’s a designer.
- Are you police officers or customs officers? - We’re police officers. (или: We’re customs officers, в зависимости от контекста)
Пояснение: здесь тренируем ответ в форме yes/no + краткое уточнение, используя present simple.
Часть 6. Put the questions into the correct order
- Are you a student?
- Are you twenty?
- Is your teacher from Britain?
- What is your e-mail address?
- How old is your mother?
- Where is Jennifer Lopez from?
- Where is Manchester?
- Are you single?
- Are you from a big city?
- Is your father a businessman?
- Is your name Ingrid?
- Are Isabel and Luis from Spain?
- Are you a programmer?
- Are you in Marketing with you and Tom?
Пояснение: формируем корректные вопросы в естественном порядке английского предложения каждого типа (общие вопросы, where/what/whose и т.д.).
Часть 7. Fill in the correct prepositions
- good at sports
- proud of my brother
- responsible for the accounting department
- sorry about the noise
- sorry for Nick
- angry with me and my friends
- fond of rock music
- afraid of spiders
- interested in Roman history
- good at English
- sick and tired of this loud music
- sorry for their behaviour
Пояснение: заполняем предлоги after смысл контекста (at/of/of/for/about/with/of/for/in etc.).
Часть 8. Answer the questions
Примеры ответов (к каждому вопросу можно дать собственный вариант, но ниже приведены типичные ответы):
- What are you afraid of? - I’m afraid of snakes.
- What kind of music or sport are you fond of? - I’m fond of rock music. / I’m fond of basketball.
- What or who are you proud of? - I’m proud of my family.
- What or who are you responsible for? - I’m responsible for the budget.
- What are you good at? What are you bad at? - I’m good at English. / I’m bad at math.
- What are you sorry for? - I’m sorry for the delay.
Пояснение: развиваем навык отвечать на вопросы к словам с предлогами (of, in, for, at, etc.).
Часть 9. Circle the correct form in each sentence
- Anna lives in a beautiful flat in Liverpool.
- My mother and father get up early.
- You ride your bike to school.
- My mother watches music shows on TV.
- My brother works in a restaurant.
- Mark and Leila read books in English.
- Andy does his homework at night.
Пояснение: выбираем правильную форму глагола с учетом единственного/множественного числа и лица.
Часть 10. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets
- My son lives in Los Angeles, so I go there every year to see him.
- Most people like going abroad on holiday.
- The sun goes down in the west.
- The Smiths are very kind. They do a lot of work for people in hospital.
- He’s so clever! He always does well at his exams.
- More than 11 million people live in Tokyo.
- My neighbour likes rock music, unfortunately.
- Tony reads a lot of books on economics.
- Pat’s favourite music is reggae. He listens to it all the time.
- My father works in an international company. He travels all over the world.
- I have a friend called Fabrice. He comes from France.
- The hotels here are very expensive. The rooms cost a lot!
- My mother is good at languages. She speaks French, German, Russian and Arabic.
- Andrea is a tourist guide. She knows everything about the history of the city.
Пояснение: выбираем форму глагола в Present Simple в зависимости от подлежащего и контекста.
Часть 11. Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets
My penfriend Dan lives in New York. He goes to university and he plays in the university basketball team. He likes rock music and he collects guitar CDs. In the summer holidays, he visits his sister in California. She teaches windsurfing at a sports club and Dan helps her. Every morning he gets up and opens the club house. Dan says California is great but he loves New York – it’s his city.
Пояснение: форма глаголов по правилам Present Simple.
Часть 12. Complete the sentences with do or does
- Does your dog like to run?
- Do you go for a walk in the evening?
- Does your sister like to play computer games?
- Do chickens fly?
- What does he do in the evenings?
- When does your mother go to work?
- How does your friend study?
- Why does Peter like reading?
- Where do your grandparents live?
- What do you like to do at home?
- Do you like your street?
- Does your friend live near you?
- What do you see in your street?
- What marks do you usually get?
- When does Mary have breakfast?
- Do you often stay with your friend?
- Does Mike often invite you to his house?
- Do you like to work outside?
- Does your friend know Peter’s phone number?
- Does your brother speak English?
Пояснение: выбираем do или does по лицам и числам (do для I/you/we/they, does для he/she/it; во всех вопросах и отрицаниях).
Часть 13. Choose the correct variant
There is / are one window in my room.
- There is one window in my room.
There is / are white curtains on the window.
- There are white curtains on the window.
Near the window there is / are a desk.
- Near the window there is a desk.
There is / are a vase on it.
- There is a vase on it.
There is / are three roses in the vase.
- There are three roses in the vase.
To the right of the window there is / are a lamp.
- To the right of the window there is a lamp.
In front of the desk there is / are a chair.
- In front of the desk there is a chair.
There is / are a computer to the left of the desk and there is / are a box of CDs next to the computer.
- There is a computer to the left of the desk and there is a box of CDs next to the computer.
On the wall behind the computer there is / are a calendar.
- On the wall behind the computer there is a calendar.
There is / are a picture between the lamp and the door.
- There is a picture between the lamp and the door.
There is / are a lamp above the picture.
- There is a lamp above the picture.
There is / are a bed near the wall.
- There is a bed near the wall.
Next to the bed there is / are a table with a telephone on it.
- Next to the bed there is a table with a telephone on it.
There is / are pillows on the bed.
- There are pillows on the bed.
There is / are a rug near the bed.
- There is a rug near the bed.
Пояснение: здесь важно использовать формы there is (единственное число, неопределённый артикул, конкретная вещь одна) и there are (множественное число).
Часть 2. Текст (Basic principles of crop production)
Read the text. (Прочитайте текст внимательно.)
Translate the abstract “Pest control” in written form
- Контроль вредителей. (перевод на русский)
- Answer the following questions to the text in written form. Ниже краткие ответы в порядке вопросов:
- What do crops require to grow properly?
- Crops require nutrients and water to grow properly.
- How do crops absorb water?
- Through their roots from the soil.
- What do farmers do to get a great crop?
- They plan soil and water management and pest control, and analyze soil to tailor fertilizers.
- What is Soil Management?
- It is managing the soil to provide the right mix of minerals, organic matter, air and water for plants to grow.
- What does soil consist of?
- Minerals, organic matter, and helpful microbes, plus air and water.
- What must soil consist of to be fertile?
- The right mixture of minerals, organic matter, and microbes, plus adequate air and water.
- Is it good or bad when soil has too much water?
- Bad: too much water reduces air, drowns roots and harms microbes.
- How many nutrients plants need for growth? What are they?
- Plants need 16 nutrients. Major: calcium, carbon, hydrogen, magnesium, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur; Trace: boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc.
- What elements do fertilizers consist of?
- The main nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P, K) are the primary components; fertilizers are rich in these.
- What is Water Management?
- Controlling water supply for crops, including rainfall reliance, irrigation, and dry farming.
- If soil collects water, what should farmers do?
- Implement drainage to remove excess moisture.
- Find equivalents to the following words in the text. (Синонимы/переводы)
- Почва → soil
- обеспечивать → provide / supply
- поглощать → absorb
- для здорового роста → for healthy growth
- водные ресурсы → water resources
- соответствовать потребностям → meet the needs / suit the needs
- культура → crop / cultivation (контекстуально "crop" здесь)
- состоять из → consist of
- быть плодородной → be fertile
- сокращать → reduce / diminish
- осушать → drain / drain away
- точный анализ → accurate analysis
- вымывать → wash out / wash away
- выветривать → weathering / erosion context? В тексте упоминалось erosion as process; выветривать как «erode»? Можно: to erode
- оставлять под паром → leaving fallow? В тексте: "leave fallow" — оставлять под паром (пар). Можно: to leave fallow
- излишнее увлажнение → excess moisture / overwatering
- сорняки → weeds
- механический культиватор → mechanical cultivator
Заметка по последнему пункту: в оригинале встречаются термины "fallow" и т.д. При переводе лучше опираться на контекст раздела.
Если нужно, могу составить готовый словарь соответствий по всей лексике из текста.
Итоговая цель: вы получили набор готовых ответов и объяснений по каждому разделу. Если хотите, могу распечатать это в виде конспекта или вставить в файл Excel/Word с пометками правильности и небольшими комментариями к каждому пункту. Также могу адаптировать стиль объяснения под конкретный класс (например, 8-й или 9-й класс) и добавить больше примеров, если нужно.