Реальный вариант ЕГЭ 2025 - Английский язык
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
1. There are some disadvantages of taxis.
2. Taxis are an inconvenient way of getting around.
3. Taxis are a great way to save your time.
4. Taxis are an affordable means of transport.
5. Taxis are a safe means of transport.
6. Taxis are too expensive for some people.
7. Taxi drivers may advise you on local sights.
| Говорящий | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Утверждение |
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
A. Jack has a task on Social Studies.
B. Jack is bad at Social Studies.
C. Jack’s Social Studies teacher isn’t strict.
D. Jack has heard about Fairtrade before.
E. The UK is a part of the Fairtrade movement.
F. Jack isn’t interested in buying Fairtrade products.
G. Jack and Mia are going to the cinema on Sunday.
Запишите в ответ цифры, расположив их в порядке, соответствующем буквам:
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
What do we learn about Edward Silver at the beginning of the interview?
1) He’s climbed high mountains without extra oxygen.
2) He’s climbed Mount Everest fourteen times so far.
3) He’s already climbed all the mountains in the world.
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
According to Edward, a mountaineer must NOT be ...
1) tolerant.
2) impulsive.
3) passionate.
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
According to Edward’s mentor, the most important thing for a mountaineer is to ...
1) be better than others.
2) climb to the top.
3) return home.
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
When Edward had to stop ascending on his first trip to Mount Everest, he felt ...
1) guilty.
2) frustrated.
3) proud.
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
Among physical difficulties for a mountaineer, Edward mentions eating ...
1) less than necessary.
2) few vegetables.
3) bad quality food.
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
According to Edward, it is psychologically hard for a mountaineer ...
1) not to be afraid of heights.
2) to see the summit is far.
3) to survive without oxygen.
Вы услышите интервью дважды. Выберите правильный ответ 1, 2 или 3.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
Standing on a summit, Edward feels ...
1) intimidated.
2) exhausted.
3) proud.
Установите соответствие между
1. Living above
2. Glimpses of history
3. No meat, please!
4. Figuratively speaking
5. Belonging to one group
6. Highly social
7. Similar to people
8. Almost extinct
A. Great apes are members of the family Hominidae, which includes humans, chimps, gorillas, and orangutans. There is one species of humans (Homo sapiens), two species of chimpanzees (common chimpanzee and pygmy chimpanzee, also known as the bonobo), two species of gorillas (western gorilla and eastern gorilla), and three species of orangutans (Bornean orangutan, Sumatran orangutan, and Tapanuli orangutan). However, throughout the last few million years, there have been dozens of other great apes, some of which were arguably as intelligent as modern humans.
B. Great apes are large, tailless primates, distinguished from lesser apes (gibbons) by a larger size and generally less monkey-like anatomical features. Still, within this group there is considerable variation. These apes evolved from African lesser apes about 18 million years ago. Orangutans originated from the rest of the apes about 14 million years ago, and gorillas separated from them about 7 million years ago. Until recently, it was thought that chimps and humans separated between 3 and 5 million years ago, but more fossil finds suggest it happened earlier, between 6 and 7 million years ago.
C. Great apes are all extremely intelligent. Each one is probably smarter than every other member of the animal kingdom. All the great apes can use tools. Their hands allow them to use rocks or sticks for various purposes, including as weapons. Gorillas have been observed testing water depth with sticks. Chimpanzees are known to drive insects out of their nests using sticks. The orangutan is intelligent enough to build leak-proof roofs over their nightly nests. Isn’t that amazing? They are just like us!
D. Great apes play a very important role in their ecosystems. Their presence also supports biodiversity by influencing the distribution and behaviour of other species within their habitat. Unfortunately, most great ape species are considered endangered or even critically endangered due to habitat loss, poaching, and disease. According to the World Wildlife Fund, gorillas and orangutans are particularly at risk, with habitat destruction from logging, mining, and agriculture being the primary threats to their survival.
E. The orangutan, the largest creature in the world living in the trees, has probably never lived anywhere else but in the trees. Wildly mobile shoulder, knee and hip joints create a climbing machine that spends approximately 90% of its life high above ground. They eat, sleep, breed and give birth sometimes hundreds of feet above the ground. The thick forests of Borneo and Sumatra provide the perfect environment for this ape. Orangutans look graceless on the ground, but even the largest male orangutans move elegantly in the trees.
F. Gorillas eat different food, but their diet is mainly vegetarian. In the jungle, more than 85% of a gorilla’s diet is made up of leaves, shoots, stems and vines — and the rest is made up of roots, flowers and fruits. Insects, ants and termites make up less than 1% of a gorilla’s diet in the wild. The specific food of gorillas varies, depending on the presence (or absence) of certain plants in their immediate surrounding. Thus, gorillas are also almost exclusively vegetarian and devote their days to gathering fruit, leaves, roots and flowers.
G. Great apes are no exception when it comes to social interaction. They have complex social relationships that include communication through vocalizations, and body language such as grooming and hugging. Their societies are hierarchical, meaning there are dominant members who have priority access to food and other resources, while subordinate members must work harder to attain them. A new study has revealed that great apes tease one another, including hair pulling, poking, staring in faces, and other playful behaviours.
| Текст | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| Заголовок |
Прочитайте текст и заполните
Antarctica tourism
Antarctica does not have any permanent residents, just short-term visitors. There are two groups who can have an impact: tourists and those A _______________________.
While tourists may only spend a relatively short time on landings, usually just a few hours, it is a high-impact time compared to scientists or support workers B _______________________ base. Tourists also by their nature will want to visit the most picturesque and wildlife-rich areas of Antarctica.
Areas that are easily accessible by small boats C _______________________ are relatively rare in Antarctica. So despite its enormous size, tourists become concentrated in a few areas D _______________________. Even a smaller tour ship carries far more people than the entire staff of most Antarctic bases.
One aspect of Antarctic tourism that restricts visitor numbers is the limited tourist season. This limitation is placed by the weather, E _______________________. The limited tourist season, however, coincides with the breeding season for most Antarctic wildlife, with the potential for disturbance.
Tourism in Antarctica is at present self-regulated by the International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators. It was founded in 1991. Now it has over 100 members. This is an organization F _______________________ operators. Such guidelines limit the size of the ships that can cruise the Antarctic waters, and also how many people can be landed at sites.
1. that sets strict guidelines for its member tour
2. who go as part of scientific programmes
3. that take tourists from their ship to shore
4. where short periods of quite warm weather
5. and in particular by the movements of sea ice
6. who spend most of their time on a polar
7. where most of the landings take place
| Пропуск | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Часть предложения |
According to the text, mental health can be improved if people ...
1) avoid hurtful emotions.
2) believe in the good.
3) hide difficult emotions.
4) accept unpleasant feelings.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
The author defines toxic positivity as a way of behaviour that ...
1) rejects difficult emotions.
2) influences others positively.
3) encourages positive thoughts.
4) is very similar to optimism.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
Which consequence of toxic positivity is NOT mentioned in the text?
1) Ignoring other people’s negative feelings.
2) Avoiding harmful behaviour of those around you.
3) Putting the blame on the person dealing with pain.
4) Discouraging people from sharing emotions.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
How does the author explain the reason for toxic positivity?
1) Bad habits.
2) Being proud.
3) Lack of knowledge.
4) Being jealous.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
It in “It tells people that the emotions ...” (paragraph 7) most probably refers to ...
1) staying optimistic.
2) a negative answer.
3) suffering emotionally.
4) a feeling of shame.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
How is toxic positivity connected with guilt, according to the author?
1) Tragic events are often connected with feeling guilty.
2) It implies people are not allowed negative feelings.
3) Toxic positivity makes emotions less valid.
4) People feel guilty when they’re happier than others.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
What is the main idea of the text?
1) It’s ok to experience negative emotions and not to cope with problems instantly.
2) People having traumatic experiences need special help.
3) It’s important to get a positive response instead of empathy.
4) Staying positive will eventually help you out.
Being too positive
Having a positive outlook on life is good for your mental well-being. The problem is that life isn’t always positive. We all have painful emotions and experiences. Those emotions, while often unpleasant, need to be felt and dealt with openly and honestly to achieve acceptance and greater psychological health.
Toxic positivity is the belief that no matter how dire or difficult a situation is, people should maintain a positive mindset. While there are benefits to being optimistic and engaging in positive thinking, toxic positivity rejects all difficult emotions in favour of a cheerful and often falsely-positive façade. It takes positive thinking to an extreme. In other words, it makes it too general. This attitude does not just stress the importance of optimism — it also minimizes and even denies any trace of human emotions not strictly happy or positive.
Toxic positivity means having a “good vibes only” approach to life and discarding any seemingly negative emotions. It denies people the authentic support they need to cope with what they are facing.
Toxic positivity can take a wide variety of forms. Some examples you may have encountered in your own life include the following. When something bad happens, such as losing your job, people may say to “just stay positive” or “look on the bright side.” While such comments are often meant to be sympathetic, they can shut down anything the other person might want to say about what they are experiencing. After some type of loss, people might say, “everything happens for a reason.” While people will make such statements because they believe they are comforting, this is also a way of avoiding the other person’s pain. Upon expressing sad feelings, someone may respond that “happiness is a choice.” This suggests that if someone is feeling negative emotions, it’s their own fault for not “choosing” to be happy.
Such statements are often well-intentioned, or people just don’t know what else to say and don't know how to be empathetic. Still, it is important to recognize that such behaviour can be harmful.
Too much positivity is toxic because it can harm people who are going through difficult times. Rather than being able to share genuine human emotions and gain support, people who are faced with toxic positivity find their feelings dismissed, ignored, or outright invalidated.
It’s also shaming. Receiving too-positive responses can lead to feelings of shame. It tells people that the emotions they are feeling are unacceptable. When someone is suffering, they need to know that their emotions are valid and that they can find relief and love in their friends and family.
Shame goes hand in hand with guilt. Being toxically positive can also cause feelings of guilt. It sends a message that if you aren’t finding a way to feel positive — even in the face of tragedy — you are doing something wrong.
Moreover, it avoids authentic human emotion. When people engage in this type of behaviour, it allows them to sidestep emotional situations that make them feel uncomfortable. Sometimes we turn these same ideas on ourselves, internalizing them. When we feel difficult emotions, we then discount, dismiss, and deny them.
It prevents growth. Toxic positivity allows us to avoid feeling things that might be painful. But this denies us the ability to face challenging feelings that can ultimately lead to growth and deeper insight.
I believe it is possible to be optimistic in the face of difficult experiences and challenges. But people going through trauma don’t need to be told to stay positive or feel that they are being judged for not maintaining a sunny outlook.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово PREPARE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Pelmeni
Pelmeni is a popular Russian dish. There are many different kinds of pelmeni, so everyone will find something to their liking. This dish __________________ from minced meat and dough. You can boil, bake or fry pelmeni.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово COME так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
It is interesting to mention that many regions of Russia claim that it was there where the tradition to cook pelmeni once __________________ from.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово TAKE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Izhevsk, for instance, even has a monument to pelmeni. Tourists enjoy __________________ photos of it.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Burj Khalifa
Burj Khalifa is a very famous building which is situated in Dubai. Its height is 829,8 metres. It __________________ the tallest building in the world ever since 2009. The number of floors in Burj Khalifa is so huge as there are a total of 2909 stairs from the ground floor to the 160th floor.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово LOSE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
However, in the future the building __________________ its title to Dubai Creek Tower which is expected to be taller.
Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово LOCATE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Burj Khalifa is a beautiful construction with some observation decks, hotels, offices and residences __________________ there.
Образуйте от слова PROBABLE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
A blogger’s audience
A beginning blogger can make some mistakes while making the first steps online. __________________, the biggest of them is when beginner bloggers do not know their audience.
Образуйте от слова READ однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Bloggers think about their content without thinking about their potential __________________.
Образуйте от слова VARY однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Still, there’s a big __________________ of them. Let’s say you are going to write about yoga. Are you going to do it for yoga enthusiasts or yoga studio owners?
Образуйте от слова EXCITE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
If you are unsure about the audience of your future blog, you will not be able to produce __________________ content, because your audience should define it. Write down some of their interests and needs.
Образуйте от слова PERSONAL однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
Based on what you know about their __________________, brainstorm what subjects will interest them or what issues they might be facing.
30. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. soon
2. prompt
3. fas
4. quick
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
31. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. admission
2. addition
3. affection
4. application
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
32. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. holding
2. keeping
3. doing
4. making
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
33. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. advancing
2. raising
3. heightening
4. growing
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
34. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. available
2. obtainable
3. accessible
4. permissible
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
35. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. implied
2. promoted
3. progressed
4. improved
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
36. Вставьте пропущенное слово.
1. present
2. afford
3. allow
4. provide
A new family
It took Peter time to get used to living alone, without Fiona. He made it a weekly ritual to come to lunch with Steve and Ann on Sundays, and he had asked Paul to call him Grandpa as 30 ______ as he could talk. The young family and he filled a need for each other. They had created a family without a connection by blood, but their 31 ______ for each other was deep and heartfelt.
Steve was 32 ______ well in the diamond business under Peter’s tutelage. He had learned his lessons well and his knowledge of banking and finance helped too. He made sensible decisions and gave Peter good advice, which he valued. And with the commissions he earned, his savings were 33 ______.
When Paul was four, they moved into a two-bedroom apartment in the same building and felt as though they had moved into a palace compared to their tiny studio. They bought secondhand furniture and Ann upholstered it herself. The apartment they moved into became 34 ______ when one of the old tenants left. Steve and Ann painted it themselves. The neighborhood had 35 ______ slightly in the five and a half years they’d been there. The building was no better, but they knew everyone in it, and it felt like home to them. The rents were incredibly cheap and what they could easily 36 ______. Ann never liked spending too much money.
Peter was about to turn seventy by then, and had had some health issues, but nothing serious. He had been thinking of making Steve a partner, since he had no son or other relatives to leave the business to.
You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Simon:
| From: Simon@mail.uk |
| To: Russian_friend@ege.ru |
| Subject: Local culture |
|
…Yesterday there was a local crafts festival in my region. It was incredible! |
Write an email to Simon.
In your letter:
— answer his questions;
— ask 3 questions about the film.
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2). Укажите его номер и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.
38.1. Imagine that you are doing a project on why Zetlanders rarely buy Christmas presents online. You have found some data on the subject — the results of a survey (see the table below).
Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
The survey question:
Why do you rarely buy Christmas presents online?
| Reasons | Number of respondents (%) |
|---|---|
| Difficult to find a highquality presen | 52 |
| The photo may be deceptive | 18 |
| Choosing takes too much time | 13 |
| Late delivery | 11 |
| No gift packaging | 6 |
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem connected with buying presents online and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on whether it is advisable to buy presents online.
38.2. Imagine that you are doing a project on the most effective method of learning new words in a foreign language for Zetland teenagers. You have found some data on the subject — the results оf a survey (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
What is the most effective method of learning new words in a foreign language?
Write 200–250 words.
Usе thе following plan:
— makе an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that can arise with learning a foreign language and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of learning foreign languages.
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
We live in the digital world where many things are done much more quickly and easily online. The banking industry is not an exception. The most significant development in the world of banking is definitely the introduction of online banking. Digital banking is basically an online platform that enables customers to carry out financial transactions. This can include making deposits, transferring funds, paying bills, and more.
Online banking in its earliest forms dates back to the 1980s. However, it really began to take off with the rise of the Internet. The growing adoption of smartphones and mobile banking apps further accelerated the trend. Some people dislike digital banking, but about half of today’s bank customers have gone digital only, and this figure will continue to grow.
Study the advertisement.
You are considering joining the bike club and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following:
1) minimum age;
2) special clothes;
3) bicycle rental;
4) competitions.
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions
Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.
Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project “Using the Internet”. You have found some photos to illustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now. Leave a voice message to your friend explaining your choice of the photos and sharing some ideas about the project. In 2.5 minutes be ready to:
— explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
— mention the advantages
— mention the disadvantages
— express your opinion on the subject of the project — which of these gadgets to use the Internet you prefer and why.
You will speak for not more than 3 minutes
Приложение ЕГЭ Тренажёр
Скачивай мобильное приложение на iPhone или Android и тренируйся в любое время и в любом месте!