Here’s a cleaned-up version of your conversion sequences, with corrected formulas and balanced example equations. I’ve kept the intended flow from each line and filled in plausible reagents/conditions. If you meant something different, tell me and I’ll adjust.
- S → SO2 → Na2SO3 → Na2SO4
- S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
- SO2(g) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Na2SO3(aq) + H2O(l)
- Na2SO3(aq) + 1/2 O2(g) → Na2SO4(aq)
(often written without half molecules: 2 Na2SO3 + O2 → 2 Na2SO4)
- P → P4O10 → Na3PO4
- P4 + 5 O2 → P4O10
- P4O10 + 12 NaOH(aq) → 4 Na3PO4(aq) + 6 H2O(l)
- C → CO2 → CaCO3
- C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)
- CaO(s) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s)
- CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) (calcination; the reverse is classic weathering)
- Al → Al2O3 → Al(NO3)3 → Al(OH)3 → Al2O3
- 4 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Al2O3(s)
- Al2O3(s) + 6 HNO3(aq) → 2 Al(NO3)3(aq) + 3 H2O(l)
- AlNO3)3(aq) + 3 H2O(l) → Al(OH)3(s) + 3 HNO3(aq)
- 2 Al(OH)3(s) → Al2O3(s) + 3 H2O(l)
(Equivalently, you can skip the hydrolysis route and write Al2O3 + 6 HNO3 → 2 Al(NO3)3 + 3 H2O, then dehydrate back to Al2O3 by heating.)
- Fe2O3 → Fe → FeSO4 → Fe(OH)2 → FeCl2
- Fe2O3(s) + 3 H2(g) → 2 Fe(s) + 3 H2O(l) (reduction to metal)
- Fe(s) + H2SO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + H2(g)
- FeSO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l) → Fe(OH)2(s) + H2SO4(aq) (hydrolysis)
- Fe(OH)2(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → FeCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
(Other routes exist; this keeps the same sequence to a chloride final.)
- Ca → CaO → CaCl2 → CaCO3 → CaO → Ca(OH)2
- Ca(s) + O2(g) → CaO(s)
- CaO(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
- CaO(s) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s)
- CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) (calcination)
- CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) (slaked lime)
(Or, if you want a direct path to Ca(OH)2 from CaO, simply CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2.)
- Zn → ZnO → ZnCl2 → Zn(OH)2 → ZnSO4
- Zn(s) + 1/2 O2(g) → ZnO(s)
- ZnO(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
- ZnCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l) → Zn(OH)2(s) + 2 HCl(aq)
- Zn(OH)2(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
(Alternative straightforward path to ZnSO4: ZnO(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2O(l).)
If you want, I can tailor these to a specific syllabus or balance them as net ionic equations, and add typical reagents, conditions (concentrations, temperatures), and oxidation/reduction notes. Would you like that?