Answer the questions. 1. What kinds of problems does a solicitor deal with? 2. What are barristers experts in? 3. Is there a separate training for judges? 4. Are juries used in civil cases? 5. Who passes the punishment? 6. Who judges in the lower courts? 7. What do the clerks do in the court room? ответьте на вопросы на английском

Here are concise answers in English: 1) What kinds of problems does a solicitor deal with? - A solicitor gives legal advice to clients and prepares documents. They handle a wide range of work: property transactions (conveyancing), family law, wills and probate, contracts and commercial matters, employment, disputes and negotiations, and sometimes represent clients in certain courts. For court appearances in higher courts, they usually instruct barristers to advocate. 2) What are barristers experts in? - Barristers specialize in advocacy and courtroom work. They provide expert legal opinions, draft pleadings, and represent clients in court—especially in higher courts—often after being instructed by solicitors. 3) Is there separate training for judges? - Yes. Judges go through specialized judicial training after appointment. In the UK, the Judicial College provides induction and ongoing training on law, ethics, courtroom management, and procedure. Most judges come from experienced solicitors or barristers and then undertake this dedicated training. 4) Are juries used in civil cases? - Generally no. Civil cases are usually decided by a judge (or a panel) without a jury. Juries may be used only in a few limited civil cases (for example, defamation), but this is not common. 5) Who passes the punishment? - The sentence (punishment) is passed by a judge or a magistrate after a conviction. The jury, if present, determines guilt or liability, but the actual punishment is decided by the judge or magistrates. 6) Who judges in the lower courts? - In the lower courts (magistrates’ courts), cases are usually heard by lay magistrates (justices of the peace) or, for more complex matters, by district judges. In some contexts, district judges sit in the magistrates’ courts as well. 7) What do the clerks do in the court room? - Clerks (court clerks or clerks to the justices) manage the administrative side of proceedings. They call cases, record decisions and evidence, swear witnesses, ensure proper procedures are followed, and may advise the bench on procedural matters. They help keep the court’s records organized and assist the judge during hearings.