Переведи текст на русский: Blake is not always considered to be one of the Romantic poets, as his poetry defies attempts to categorize it. From his dates one can see that he was more or less contemporary with the other poets considered here; he shared with the others a tendency to rebel against authority or tradition, and he was equally taken up by struggles for freedom whether in America or France. What sets Blake apart is the fact that he was a visionary. He was born in London, the son of a hosier, and received no formal education until the age of ten when he went to a drawing-school. His idols were Raphael, Michelangelo, Dürer and Heemskerck, but his instinct always took him along his own path. His father could not afford to have him apprenticed as a painter, and suggested going to an engraver instead. The first master they visited was the eminent William Ryland, but the fourteen-year-old Blake objected. "Father, I do not like that man's face; it looks as if he will have to be hanged," he said. Twelve years later, Ryland actually was hanged for forging a cheque. The remarkable thing was that Blake's father listened to the boy's objections. He found another excellent engraver to whom William was indeed apprenticed. Throughout his youth Blake had visions. When he was four he saw God's face at the window. He remembered that when he was eight, he saw a tree filled with angels. In his teens he used to draw quietly in Westminster Abbey, and on one occasion saw a vision of Christ and the Apostles. He later wrote: A spirit and a Vision are not, as the modern philosophy supposes, a cloudy vapour, or a nothing; they are organized and minutely articulated beyond all that the mortal and perishing nature can produce. Blake spent almost all his life in London and did all sorts of art work to earn money, even illustrating Wedgwood's catalogues of fine china. He never became famous in his own time, but always had a small group of admirers who recognized his extraordinary abilities. His own art work was far too unusual to be much regarded at the time. His only exhibition of paintings was a failure, and an attempt to run his own business also failed. Similarly, he could find no publisher for his poems, but in that posterity has gained, for he proceeded to publish them himself, engraving illustrations to go with them. Thus a great deal of his art work has survived. Blake educated himself through his own wide reading in philosophy, theology, the Bible and Milton. He was also much influenced by Cornelius Agrippa's book "Of Occult Philosophy" which shows how the "human form divine" is the measure of the universe. It also expounds an idea which Blake came to share: that pagan wisdom expressed Christian truths. The three main sources of pagan wisdom were: the oriental wisdom of the Magi who came from the East, the ancient Jewish wisdom in the Cabbala, and the classical wisdom of Plato and Pythagoras. Blake's belief that all religions are one is in this occult tradition, the symbolism of which he absorbed to express in his own ideas. This makes much of his work extraordinary, rich and powerful, but also very difficult and obscure. He very much loved his brother Robert, who died of consumption in 1787. William describes how, at the moment of his death, he saw his brother's spirit ascending, clapping its hands for joy. He was deeply religious and considered tha the only true liberty was the spiritual freedom offered by Christianity. He prophesied the terrible conditions in which people would come to live as a rest of the Industrial Revolution, but also recognized that nothing could be chargec unless Man changed himself. Nothing could be done unless men regenerated their powers of imagination and regained their lost faculties of feeling and intultion. He died in 1827, aged sixty-nine, singing of what he saw in Heaven. Recently there has been great interest in his work, particularly among young people; it is now quite common to see prints of his pictures on the walls of students' rooms, and his poetry is now much more widely read. He himself knew he would never be apprenticed in his own time and said that he wrote for "the Children of the future Age". His attitude towards living in the immediate present and thus comprehending past and future is "put in a nutshell" in these lines: He who binds to himself a joy Doth the winged life destroy, But he who kisses the joy as it flies Lives in Eternity's sun rise.
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17 декабря 2025 17:53
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